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Winter performance, occupants' comfort and cold stress in prefabricated timber buildings

机译：预制木结构建筑的冬季性能，居住者的舒适度和寒冷压力

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This paper presents the results of the physical measurements, thermal comfort survey and building simulation considered in different units of a development in the Southeast of England. The study investigates the winter performance and cold stress in buildings built with prefabricated structural insulated panels (SIPs). The study employed the measurements of the parameters, administration of the questionnaire supplemented with interviews, discussions, and observations, as well as building simulations to collect data for analysis. The results showed 87% of the responses on thermal sensation ranged from slightly cool to slightly warm while 84% preferred no change to the thermal environment. On thermal acceptability, 93% of the participants highlighted that the thermal environment was right for them. For the measurement, the results showed a mean temperature of 18.6 degrees C. The neutral and preferred temperatures in the units are 21.5 degrees C and 24.5 degrees C respectively. The temperatures are found to be within the comfort range in winter. The findings revealed that prefabricated timber buildings perform better in winter than summer and occupants are thermally comfortable in winter. The study showed that a combination of variables like humidity, temperature, dew-point could influence the stress indexes. Regarding the assessment of cold stress indexes, the study recommends the WBGT of 14.3 degrees C and UTCI of 17.9 degrees C as the stress thresholds for the period of physical measurements in the winter. For the meteorological winter months (December-February), the research proposes the WBGT of 13.4 degrees C and UTCI of 16.6 degrees C for London Islington TRY while it recommends the WBGT of 13.3 degrees C and UTCI of 16.5 degrees C for St Albans TRY. The study revealed the possibility of slight cold stress for occupants of the buildings and further adaptive measures are required to reduce exposure of occupants to cold stress in the future.
机译：本文介绍了在英格兰东南部某开发项目的不同单元中进行的物理测量，热舒适性调查和建筑物模拟的结果。这项研究调查了用预制结构隔热板（SIP）建造的建筑物的冬季性能和冷应力。这项研究采用了参数的测量，问卷管理，访谈，讨论和观察，以及建立模拟以收集数据进行分析的方法。结果表明，对热感的响应中有87％从略凉到略热，而84％的人则希望不改变热环境。关于热可接受性，93％的参与者强调热环境适合他们。对于测量，结果显示平均温度为18.6摄氏度。单位中的中性温度和优选温度分别为21.5摄氏度和24.5摄氏度。发现温度在冬天的舒适范围内。研究结果表明，预制木结构房屋的冬季性能比夏季好，并且居住者在冬季热舒适。研究表明，湿度，温度，露点等变量的组合可能会影响应力指数。关于冷应力指数的评估，研究建议将WBGT为14.3摄氏度，UTCI为17.9摄氏度，作为冬季物理测量期间的应力阈值。对于冬季的冬季（12月至2月），研究建议伦敦伊斯灵顿TRY的WBGT为13.4摄氏度，UTCI为16.6摄氏度，而圣奥尔本斯TRY的WBGT则为13.3摄氏度，UTCI为16.5摄氏度。研究表明，建筑物的居住者可能会受到轻微的冷压力，因此需要采取进一步的适应措施以减少居住者将来遭受冷压力的影响。

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