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Biodeterioration of mortar coating in historical buildings: Microclimatic characterization, material, and fungal community

机译：历史建筑中砂浆涂料的生物降解：微气候特征，材料和真菌群落

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摘要

The estimation of climate conditions and different moisture sources associated with the substrate composition and features in historical buildings is crucial to evaluate the substrate biodeterioration by filamentous fungi. Knowing the main agents and their frequency in substrates is relevant to propose conservation approaches focused on buildings preservation. Therefore, the mineralogic composition characterization of the historic building mortar coatings in Porto Alegre, RS was performed by binder/aggregate proportioning, x-ray diffraction, x-ray fluorescence, and thermogravimetric analyses. The microclimate conditions of indoor environments were evaluated through relative humidity (RH) and temperature recording sensors measurements. The qualitative and quantitative identification of filamentous fungi from the mortar coating was performed by micro-culture and DNA extraction for PCR and molecular analysis. The analyses indicated a mortar coating predominated by CaCO3 and MgCO3 with quartz sand and traces ratio between 1:2 and 1:5.4. The indoor microclimate had mean RH above 70% and a mean temperature above 20 degrees C most of the time. Approximately 60 colonies of fungi were isolated, and 13 isolates were identified as the most frequent ones; among them: Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Cladosporium spp., Putpureocillium Iillacinus , Lecanicillium spp., Trichoderma atroviride, and T. harzianum.
机译：评估气候条件和与历史建筑中基质组成和特征相关的不同水分源对于评估丝状真菌引起的基质生物降解至关重要。了解主要物质及其在基质中的频率与提出针对建筑物保护的保护方法有关。因此，通过粘合剂/骨料配比，X射线衍射，X射线荧光和热重分析对RS阿雷格里港历史建筑砂浆涂料的矿物学组成进行了表征。通过相对湿度（RH）和温度记录传感器的测量来评估室内环境的微气候条件。通过微培养和DNA提取进行PCR和分子分析，从灰浆涂层中定性和定量鉴定丝状真菌。分析表明，砂浆涂层以CaCO3和MgCO3为主，石英砂，痕量比为1：2至1：5.4。室内小气候大部分时间的平均相对湿度在70％以上，平均温度在20摄氏度以上。分离出大约60个真菌菌落，其中13个被分离为最常见的菌落。其中包括：黑曲霉，球形芽孢杆菌，球形芽孢杆菌，毛细腐霉菌，Lecanicillium spp。，阿特罗霉木霉和哈茨木霉。

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  • 来源
    《Building and Environment》 |2019年第5期|195-209|共15页
  • 作者

    Guerra Fernanda L.; Lopes William; Cazarolli Juciana C.; Lobato Mariane; Masuero Angela B.; Dal Molin Denise C. C.; Bento Fatima M.; Schrank Augusto; Vainstein Marilene H.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Nucleo Orientado Inovacao Edificacao NORIE, Lab Mat & Tecnol Ambiente Construido LAMTAC, Osvaldo Aranha Ave 99, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;

    Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Ctr Biotecnol CBIOT, Bento Goncalves Ave 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;

    Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, ICBS, Lab Biodeterioracao Combustiveis & Biocombustivei, Sarmento Leite St 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;

    Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, ICBS, Lab Biodeterioracao Combustiveis & Biocombustivei, Sarmento Leite St 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;

    Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Nucleo Orientado Inovacao Edificacao NORIE, Lab Mat & Tecnol Ambiente Construido LAMTAC, Osvaldo Aranha Ave 99, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;

    Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Nucleo Orientado Inovacao Edificacao NORIE, Lab Mat & Tecnol Ambiente Construido LAMTAC, Osvaldo Aranha Ave 99, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;

    Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, ICBS, Lab Biodeterioracao Combustiveis & Biocombustivei, Sarmento Leite St 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;

    Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Ctr Biotecnol CBIOT, Bento Goncalves Ave 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;

    Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Ctr Biotecnol CBIOT, Bento Goncalves Ave 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Lime mortars; Fungal deterioration; Fungal risks; Historical building;

    机译：石灰砂浆;真菌恶化;真菌风险;历史建筑;

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