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首页> 外文期刊>Building and Environment >High albedo materials to counteract heat waves in cities: An assessment of meteorology, buildings energy needs and pedestrian thermal comfort
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High albedo materials to counteract heat waves in cities: An assessment of meteorology, buildings energy needs and pedestrian thermal comfort

机译：高反照率材料可抵消城市中的热浪：气象，建筑物能源需求和行人热舒适度的评估

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Climatological data show that the frequency of Heat Waves (HWs) has increased since the 1950s and that it will continue to increase. These phenomena exasperate the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon. In this study, we investigated the impact of a HW on the UHI in Milan (Italy); we also analyzed the effects of the application of high albedo materials on the vertical and horizontal urban built surfaces. We performed numerical experiments with the Weather Research and Forecasting model, whose output were used as input for the EnergyPlus software and the computation of the Mediterranean Outdoor Comfort Index (MOCI). Our results showed that the HW induces a maximum increase of about 4 degrees C in the temperature at 2 m height and that the use of high albedo materials covering all urban surfaces only partially counteracts this increase. The wind speed decreases due to the HW and the introduction of high albedo materials leads to its further decrease. The cooling energy consumption for a building located in the city doubles in the presence of HW and high albedo materials have a negligible positive effect when applied to the surrounding urban environment. The HW brings an increase up to about 0.7 of the MOCI and the use of high albedo materials further worsens thermal sensation. Therefore, this mitigation strategy leads to considerable benefits in terms of temperature and energy, while it determines a penalization of the well-being of the pedestrian. Its application requires a careful evaluation of benefits and side effects.
机译：气候数据显示，自1950年代以来，热浪（HWs）的频率有所增加，并且还将继续增加。这些现象激怒了城市热岛（UHI）现象。在这项研究中，我们调查了硬件对意大利米兰UHI的影响；我们还分析了高反照率材料在垂直和水平城市建筑表面上的应用效果。我们使用天气研究和预报模型进行了数值实验，其输出被用作EnergyPlus软件的输入和地中海户外舒适指数（MOCI）的计算。我们的结果表明，在2 m高度处，HW导致温度最高增加约4摄氏度，使用覆盖所有城市表面的高反照率材料只能部分抵消这种增加。由于HW，风速降低，高反照率材料的引入导致风速进一步降低。在存在硬件的情况下，位于城市中的建筑物的制冷能耗增加了一倍，而高反照率材料应用于周围的城市环境时所产生的积极影响可忽略不计。硬件将MOCI提高了约0.7，使用高反照率的材料进一步恶化了热感。因此，该缓解策略在温度和能量方面带来了可观的好处，同时它决定了行人的福祉。它的应用需要仔细评估其益处和副作用。

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