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Particulate matter and health effects in offices - A review

机译：办公室中的颗粒物和健康效果 - 审查

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摘要

As a growing percentage of the population is working in office buildings worldwide, air quality in these indoor environments is becoming of particular importance for assessing health impacts from exposure to different pollutants. Apart from the common indoor air pollution sources, the presence of a variety of electronics such as printers, copier machines and other equipment in office buildings may present a high health risk because of their emissions of gases and particles. The aim of this study is to review and compare available measurements of the most commonly reported indoor particulate matter (PM) fractions in office environments and the methodological approaches that were used for the assessment of air quality and associated health effects. Data from forty-nine studies conducted in twenty-four countries around the world were included in this review. Half of these studies report measurements of indoor air pollution concentrations at a fixed point, with half of those using portable devices for assessing the personal exposure of employees in a direct way. The results showed that indoor concentrations for all air pollutants were higher than those measured outdoors, and that they increased during working hours. The average PM levels in offices ranged from 14 to 333 mu g/m(3) for particles having diameters up to 10 mu m (PM10), and 4-227.44 mu g/m(3) for particles having diameters up to 2.5 mu m (PM2.5). Results also showed that many health effects like eye irritation, dry throat, runny nose, sneezing, cough, tiredness, irritability, difficulty concentrating, headache, dizziness, and skin irritation reported through questionnaires by employees were associated with these pollutants, while being influenced by gender and environmental factors such as temperature and relative humidity.
机译：由于人口的不断增长的百分比在全球办公楼工作，这些室内环境中的空气质量正在变得特别重要，以评估暴露于不同污染物的健康影响。除了普通的室内空气污染源外，由于气体和颗粒排放，各种电子产品如打印机，复印机和其他设备，如办公楼，复印机和其他设备可能会出现高健康风险。本研究的目的是审查和比较办公环境中最常见的室内颗粒物（PM）分数的可用测量以及用于评估空气质量和相关健康效果的方法方法。来自世界二十四个国家进行的四十九项研究的数据包括在本次审查中。这些研究中的一半报告了一个定点的室内空气污染浓度的测量，其中一半使用便携式设备以直接方式评估员工的个人曝光。结果表明，所有空气污染物的室内浓度高于户外测量的室内浓度，并且在工作时间内增加。用于颗粒的颗粒的颗粒为10μm（pm10）的颗粒，颗粒的平均PM水平范围为14至333μg/ m（3），颗粒，对于具有直径为2.5μm的颗粒，颗粒为4-227.44μg/ m（3） m（pm2.5）。结果还表明，许多健康效果如眼神刺激，干燥的喉咙，流鼻涕，打喷嚏，咳嗽，疲劳，令人烦恼，难以通过员工调查问卷报告的困难，头痛，头晕和皮肤刺激与这些污染物有关，同时受到这些污染物的影响温度和环境因素，如温度和相对湿度。

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