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首页> 外文期刊>Building and Environment >Commuter exposure to particulate matters in four common transportation modes in Nanjing
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Commuter exposure to particulate matters in four common transportation modes in Nanjing

机译：通勤者在南京四种普通运输模式下暴露于微粒问题

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摘要

Particulate matter (PM) is one of the major air pollutants in China. Traffic-related microenvironments are the typical scenarios exposed to high PM concentrations. This paper investigates the personal exposure to PM during commuting in Nanjing in four transportation modes, i.e. subway, bicycle, bus and walking. The measurements were conducted in a heavy-traffic street during rush hours in summer and winter. The result reveals significant PM concentration differences between various commuting modes. Passengers in subway cabin are exposed to lowest PM1 (38.3 mu g/m(3)) and PM2.5 (54.4 mu g/m(3)) concentrations, while passengers in subway station are exposed to highest PM2.5 (90.5 mu g/m(3)). Pedestrians are exposed to highest PM1 (59.5 mu g/m(3)). Both outdoor and indoor-generated particles contribute a lot to the particles in subway station and 63.4% of the PM2.5 generated in subway station are between 1 mu m and 2.5 mu m in size. Most particles in subway cabin are from subway station and most particles in bus cabin come from the outdoor air, while indoor sources contribute little. Spatial particle concentration variations were observed in subway station. The particle concentration at a deeper level is usually higher than the concentration at a shallower level. Substantial particles within 1-2.5 mu m in size were observed at the platform and the portion within 1-2.5 mu m decreased at shallower levels. The PM inhalation during subway trip is lowest while the inhalations during walking and cycling are more than 5 times higher. During a short distance subway trip, the exposure in subway station contributes most of the total particle inhalation during the entire subway trip.
机译：颗粒物质（PM）是中国的主要空气污染物之一。与流量相关的微环境是暴露于高PM浓度的典型情景。本文调查了在南京沿四种运输方式通勤期间的个人风险，即地铁，自行车，公共汽车和散步。在夏季和冬季的高峰时段，测量在重型交通街道中进行。结果揭示了各种通勤模式之间的显着PM浓度差异。地铁舱的乘客暴露于最低PM1（38.3μg/ m（3））和PM2.5（54.4μg/ m（3））浓度，而地铁站的乘客暴露于最高PM2.5（90.5μm） g / m（3））。行人暴露于最高PM1（59.5μg/ m（3））。室外和室内生成的颗粒均为地铁站中的颗粒贡献很多，地铁站中产生的PM2.5的63.4％在1 mu m和2.5 mu m之间。地铁舱的大多数颗粒来自地铁站，大多数汇总颗粒来自室外空气，而室内源贡献少。地铁站观察到空间粒子浓度变化。更深层面的颗粒浓度通常高于较浅的水平的浓度。在平台上观察到1-2.5μmm内的大小颗粒，在1-2.5μm内的部分在较浅的水平下降。地铁行程中的PM吸入是最低的，而步行和循环期间的吸入量高于5倍以上。在短距离地铁行程期间，地铁站的曝光在整个地铁行程期间贡献了大多数总粒子吸入。

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