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Children's exposure and dose assessment to particulate matter in Lisbon

机译：儿童接触和剂量评估在里斯本中的颗粒物质

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摘要

Exposure to Particulate Matter (PM) has been associated with adverse health effects. The main objective of this study is to quantify children's exposure to PM and the respective inhaled dose in Lisbon. For that, a time activity pattern survey was performed with the participation of 1189 children. In addition, PM was sampled inside 5 schools, 40 homes, 4 modes of transportation and in the respective outdoor environments. Time-activity pattern records showed that children spent 86% of their time indoors, especially at home and in the classroom. The PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in classrooms (35.3 mu g/m(3) and 65.4 mu g/m(3), respectively) were more than double than in homes (14.5 mu g/m(3) and 18.2 mu g/m(3), respectively) and highly exceeded the limit values established by the Portuguese legislation for indoor air quality. The high indoor-to-outdoor concentration ratios (I/O) calculated in schools for PM2.5 (1.8) and PM10 (2.1) suggest that a substantial fraction of particles was generated by indoor sources. PM daily patterns for classrooms showed the importance of occupancy, resuspension of dust and cleaning activities for the elevated levels of particles. The average daily children exposure was 20.6 mu g/m(3) for PM2.5 and 31.5 mu g/m(3) for PM10. During weekdays, the classrooms contributed with 42% and 50% to the PM2.5 and PM10 daily exposure, and with 36% and 41% to the PM2.5 and PM10 inhaled dose, respectively. This work quantitatively demonstrated that indoor microenvimnments (MEs) are the main contributors to personal exposure to PM and respective inhaled dose.
机译：暴露于颗粒物质（PM）与不良健康效应有关。本研究的主要目的是量化儿童接触PM和里斯本的各自吸入剂量。为此，随着1189名儿童的参与进行时间活动模式调查。此外，PM在5所学校，40家住宅，4种交通方式和各自的户外环境中取样。时间活动模式记录表明，孩子们在室内花了86％的时间，特别是在家里和教室里。在教室中pM2.5和PM10浓度（分别为35.3μg/ m（3）和65.4μg/ m（3），比在大于家中（14.5μg/ m（3）和18.2μg / m（3）分别）并高度超过了葡萄牙立法为室内空气质量建立的极限值。在PM2.5（1.8）和PM10（2.1）学校中计算的高室内到室外浓度比（I / O）表明，由室内来源产生大部分颗粒。 PM为教室的日常模式表明占用，重新悬浮灰尘和清洁活性的重要性，为升高的颗粒。 PM2.5和31.5μg/ m（3）的平均每日儿童暴露为20.6μg/ m（3）。在平日期间，教室贡献了42％和50％至PM2.5和PM10每日暴露，分别为PM2.5和PM10吸入剂量的36％和41％。这项工作定量表明，室内微生物体（MES）是个人接触PM和各自吸入剂量的主要贡献者。

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  • 来源
    《Building and Environment》 |2020年第3期|106666.1-106666.14|共14页
  • 作者

    Faria T.; Martins V.; Correia C.; Canha N.; Diapouli E.; Manousakas M.; Eleftheriadis K.; Almeida S. M.;

  • 作者单位

    Inst Super Tecn Ctr Ciencias & Tecnol Nucl Lisbon Portugal;

    Inst Super Tecn Ctr Ciencias & Tecnol Nucl Lisbon Portugal;

    Inst Super Tecn Ctr Ciencias & Tecnol Nucl Lisbon Portugal;

    Inst Super Tecn Ctr Ciencias & Tecnol Nucl Lisbon Portugal|Univ Aveiro Dept Environm & Planning Ctr Environm & Marine Studies P-3810193 Aveiro Portugal;

    NCSR Demokritos Inst Nucl & Radiol Sci & Technol Energy & Safety Attiki Greece;

    NCSR Demokritos Inst Nucl & Radiol Sci & Technol Energy & Safety Attiki Greece;

    NCSR Demokritos Inst Nucl & Radiol Sci & Technol Energy & Safety Attiki Greece;

    Inst Super Tecn Ctr Ciencias & Tecnol Nucl Lisbon Portugal;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Exposure; Dose assessment; Particulate matter; Air quality;

    机译：暴露;剂量评估;颗粒物质;空气质量;

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