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Using integer Linear Programming to minimize the embodied CO_2 emissions of the opaque part of a facade

机译：使用整数线性编程来最小化外观的不透明部分的体现CO_2排放量

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摘要

Buildings are responsible for about 36% of the CO2 emissions in Europe but there is a significant potential to reduce these emissions. This paper deals with the embodied CO2 emissions of the opaque part of a facade, which include the life cycle of any material used in its construction: excavation, processing, construction, operation, maintenance, demolition and waste or recycling.With the aim of minimizing such embodied CO2 emissions, an Integer Linear Programming problem is presented, in which CO2 emissions are minimized depending on other parameters involved in the construction of the facade, like the maximal thermal transmittance allowed by current legislation, thickness of the wall, budget, availability of materials for the different layers of the wall, etc.The paper also shows a case study based on a constructive solution for the opaque part of the envelope defined by up to six layers, with more than 1.1 million possible combinations. This case study considers seventy scenarios depending on maximal allowed thermal transmittances and thickness intervals for five different technologies applied to the structural element of the wall. Results show that an adequate selection of materials can reduce the embodied CO2 emissions of the opaque part of the envelope up to 78.5% for similar values of transmittance and thickness.
机译：建筑物负责约占欧洲二氧化碳排放量的36％，但有可能减少这些排放量。本文涉及立面不透明部分的二氧化碳排放，包括其结构中使用的任何材料的生命周期：挖掘，加工，施工，操作，维护，拆迁和浪费或回收。最小化的目的如此实现的二氧化碳排放，提出了整数线性规划问题，其中根据所涉及的外观结构中涉及的其他参数最小化二氧化碳排放，如当前立法，墙壁厚度，预算，可用性允许的最大热透射率用于不同层的墙壁等材料。本文还展示了基于由多达六层限定的外壳的不透明部分的建设性解决方案的案例研究，具有超过110万可能的组合。本案例研究根据施加到墙壁的结构元件的五种不同技术的最大允许的热透射率和厚度间隔来考虑七十个情景。结果表明，对于类似的透射率和厚度值，可以将封闭部分的不透明部分的体现二氧化碳排放量减少到78.5％。

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