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Social and behavioral determinants of indoor temperatures in air-conditioned homes

机译：空调家庭室内温度的社会和行为决定因素

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摘要

The causes and consequences of indoor heat exposure are receiving growing attention as global temperature rises and people seek respite from the heat in indoor spaces. In this study, we measured indoor temperatures of 46 air-conditioned residences in Phoenix, Arizona, United States. Temperatures were collected concurrently at 5-min intervals from August 21 to September 19, 2016. Indoor temperatures exhibited significant heterogeneity across all residences, ranging from 16.5 to 37.2 degrees C with a mean (SD) of 26.4 degrees C (2.2 degrees C). On average, the 5-min indoor temperatures were moderately correlated with outdoor temperature (r = 0.421), although individual household correlations were highly variable, ranging from r = -0.244 to r = 0.924. Households were grouped into six clusters using K-means based on 19 temperature metrics. We tested for differences in demographic, behavior, and infrastructure indicators between those six clusters based on responses to a social survey. Nearly half the variance in preferred thermostat setting was explained by cluster (R-2 = 0.455, p .001). For the most part, measures of air-conditioning use, limitations on air-conditioning use, and household resources (e.g., income) did not vary significantly by cluster. The same was true for heat-related health and comfort outcomes. Two households that did not pay their own electric bill were by far the coldest homes (average temperature of 20.0 degrees C). We conclude that indoor temperature preference may supersede concerns related to the cost of using air-conditioning and that resource-constrained households may be sacrificing other necessities to keep their homes comfortable.
机译：随着全球温度升高，人们寻求从室内空间中的热量寻求喘息的原因和后果接受了越来越关注。在这项研究中，我们测量了美国亚利桑那州凤凰城的46个空调住宅的室内温度。在2016年8月21日至9月19日至9月19日期间的5分钟间隔内收集温度。室内温度在所有住宅中表现出显着的异质性，从16.5至37.2℃的平均值（SD）为26.4℃（2.2℃）。平均而言，5分钟的室内温度与室外温度（R = 0.421）适度相关（r = 0.421），但个体相关性是高度可变的，从r = -0.244到r = 0.924。根据19个温度指标，使用K-Meance将家庭分为六个集群。我们基于对社会调查的响应来测试人口统计学，行为和基础设施指标的差异。通过簇解释优选的恒温器设定的几半的差异（R-2 = 0.455，P <.001）。在大多数情况下，空调使用的措施，空调使用的限制以及家庭资源（例如，收入）不会因集群而显着变化。对于热相关的健康和舒适结果也是如此。两个没有支付自己的电费的家庭是迄今为止最寒冷的房屋（平均温度为20.0度C）。我们得出结论，室内温度偏好可能取代与使用空调的成本有关的疑虑，资源受限的家庭可能牺牲其他必需品，以保持他们的家庭舒适。

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  • 来源
    《Building and Environment》 |2020年第10期|107187.1-107187.13|共13页
  • 作者

    Wright Mary K.; Hondula David M.; Chakalian Paul M.; Kurtz Liza C.; Watkins Lance; Gronlund Carina J.; Larsen Larissa; Mallen Evan; Harlan Sharon L.;

  • 作者单位

    Arizona State Univ Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning 975 5 Myrtle Ave Tempe AZ 85281 USA;

    Arizona State Univ Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning 975 5 Myrtle Ave Tempe AZ 85281 USA;

    Arizona State Univ Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning 975 5 Myrtle Ave Tempe AZ 85281 USA;

    Arizona State Univ Sch Human Evolut & Social Change Tempe AZ 85281 USA;

    Arizona State Univ Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning 975 5 Myrtle Ave Tempe AZ 85281 USA;

    Univ Michigan Inst Social Res Survey Res Ctr Social Environm & Hlth Program Ann Arbor MI USA;

    Univ Michigan Taubman Coll Architecture & Planning Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA;

    Georgia Inst Technol Sch City & Reg Planning Atlanta GA 30332 USA;

    Northeastern Univ Dept Hlth Sci Boston MA 02115 USA|Northeastern Univ Dept Sociol & Anthropol Boston MA 02115 USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Adaptation; Climate; Health; Heat; Survey; Thermostat;

    机译：适应;气候;健康;热;调查;恒温器;

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