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On-site measurement and evaluations of indoor thermal environment in low-cost dwellings of urban Kampung district

机译：城市Kampung区低成本住宅的室内热环境现场测量和评估

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This paper reported results of a field measurement and questionnaire survey regarding the indoor thermal conditions of 17 low-cost dwellings located in a typical unplanned urban residential district 'Kampung' in Surakarta City, Indonesia. The surveyed dwellings were selected to grasp the indoor thermal features of various conditions, including the building materials, area, occupants' behaviours, and household economic level. The observed time series variations of the indoor air temperature showed significant diversity among the 17 dwellings. The decrement factor f, which refers to the ratio of the averaged daily amplitude of the indoor temperature to that of the outdoor temperature, showed a strong linear correlation with the parameter Q, i.e. the heat capacity of a building envelope per unit interior volume, regardless of the occupants' behavioural conditions. In addition, a statistical test using Spearman's rank correlation indicated that both Q and the floor area per interior volume have significant correlations with the percentiles of indoor air temperatures. Furthermore, estimated thermal comfort index PMVs suggested that most of the activity times in all of the surveyed dwellings were classified as out of thermally neutral conditions, i.e. they were slightly warm, warm, or hot. In contrast, the time fraction for the thermally neutral range of PMVs lower than 0.5 varied for the sleeping period among the dwellings, from 7% to 55%, owing to the parameter Q, as dwellings with low Q values tend to have a longer time period in the neutral range. These findings imply that the parameter Q and interior geometry of a dwelling can be utilized to establish countermeasures for vulnerable dwellings having a heat risk in Kampung districts.
机译：本文报告了关于17个低成本住宅的室内热情调查的现场测量和问卷调查结果，位于印度尼西亚驻卡拉卡市的典型未预期的城市住宅区“Kampung”。选择受测量的住宅以掌握各种条件的室内热特征，包括建筑材料，面积，占用者行为和家庭经济层面。观察到的时间序列变化在17个住宅中显示出显着的多样性。递减因子F，其指的是室外温度的平均每日幅度与室外温度的比率，显示出与参数Q的强线相关，即每单位内部容积的建筑包络的热容量，无论如何占用者的行为条件。此外，使用Spearman等级相关的统计测试表明，每个室内体积的Q和地板面积与室内空气温度的百分比具有显着的相关性。此外，估计的热舒适指数PMV表明，所有受测量的住宅中的大多数活动时间都被分类为出在热中性条件下，即它们略微温暖，温暖或热。相比之下，由于参数Q，居住期间的睡眠周期低于0.5的PMV的热中性范围的时间分数在7％至55％中，由于具有低Q值的居住趋势趋于更长的时间中性范围的时期。这些发现意味着住宅的参数Q和室内几何形状可用于建立在Kampung地区具有热风险的脆弱住宅的对策。

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