Ventilation and air cleaning to limit aerosol particle concentrations in a gym during the COVID-19 pandemic

Blocken B.; van Druenen T.; Ricci A.; Kang L.; van Hooff T.; Qin P.; Xia L.; Ruiz C. Alanis; Arts J. H.; Diepens J. F. L.; Maas G. A.; Gillmeier S. G.; Vos S. B.; Brombacher A. C.

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Ventilation and air cleaning to limit aerosol particle concentrations in a gym during the COVID-19 pandemic

机译：通风和空气清洁，限制在Covid-19流行期间健身房气溶胶颗粒浓度限制气溶胶颗粒浓度

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SARS-CoV-2 can spread by close contact through large droplet spray and indirect contact via contaminated objects. There is mounting evidence that it can also be transmitted by inhalation of infected saliva aerosol particles. These particles are generated when breathing, talking, laughing, coughing or sneezing. It can be assumed that aerosol particle concentrations should be kept low in order to minimize the potential risk of airborne virus transmission. This paper presents measurements of aerosol particle concentrations in a gym, where saliva aerosol production is pronounced. 35 test persons performed physical exercise and aerosol particle concentrations, CO2 concentrations, air temperature and relative humidity were obtained in the room of 886 m(3). A separate test was used to discriminate between human endogenous and exogenous aerosol particles. Aerosol particle removal by mechanical ventilation and mobile air cleaning units was measured. The gym test showed that ventilation with air-change rate ACH = 2.2 h(-1), i.e. 4.5 times the minimum of the Dutch Building Code, was insufficient to stop the significant aerosol concentration rise over 30 min. Air cleaning alone with ACH = 1.39 h(-1) had a similar effect as ventilation alone. Simplified mathematical models were engaged to provide further insight into ventilation, air cleaning and deposition. It was shown that combining the above-mentioned ventilation and air cleaning can reduce aerosol particle concentrations with 80 to 90%, depending on aerosol size. This combination of existing ventilation supplemented with air cleaning is energy efficient and can also be applied for other indoor environments.

机译：SARS-COV-2可以通过大液滴喷雾和间接接触通过污染物体密切接触来传播。有安装证据表明它也可以通过吸入感染的唾液气溶胶颗粒来传播。这些粒子在呼吸，谈话，笑，咳嗽或打喷嚏时产生。可以假设气溶胶颗粒浓度应保持低，以最小化空气传播的潜在风险。本文介绍了健身房气溶胶颗粒浓度的测量，其中唾液气溶胶产量发音。 35试验人在886米（3）的室内获得体育运动和气溶胶颗粒浓度，CO 2浓度，空气温度和相对湿度。使用单独的试验来区分人内源性和外源气溶胶颗粒之间。测量机械通气和移动空气清洁单元的气溶胶颗粒去除。健身程验表明，通风，通风率ACH = 2.2小时（-1），即荷兰建筑码的最低限度的4.5倍，不足以阻止大量的气溶胶浓度超过30分钟。通过ACH = 1.39h（-1）单独的空气清洁与单独的通风有类似的效果。简化的数学模型订婚，以进一步了解通风，空气清洁和沉积。结果表明，根据气溶胶尺寸，组合上述通风和空气清洁可以减少80至90％的气溶胶颗粒浓度。这种补充有空气清洁的现有通风的组合是节能，也可以应用于其他室内环境。

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来源
《Building and Environment》 |2021年第4期|107659.1-107659.16|共16页
作者
Blocken B.; van Druenen T.; Ricci A.; Kang L.; van Hooff T.; Qin P.; Xia L.; Ruiz C. Alanis; Arts J. H.; Diepens J. F. L.; Maas G. A.; Gillmeier S. G.; Vos S. B.; Brombacher A. C.;
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作者单位

Eindhoven Univ Technol Unit Bldg Phys & Serv Dept Built Environm POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands|Katholieke Univ Leuven Bldg Phys & Sustainable Design Dept Civil Engn Kasteelpk Arenberg 40 Bus 2447 B-3001 Leuven Belgium;

Eindhoven Univ Technol Unit Bldg Phys & Serv Dept Built Environm POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands;

Eindhoven Univ Technol Unit Bldg Phys & Serv Dept Built Environm POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands|Katholieke Univ Leuven Bldg Phys & Sustainable Design Dept Civil Engn Kasteelpk Arenberg 40 Bus 2447 B-3001 Leuven Belgium|Univ Genoa Dept Civil Chem & Environm Engn Genoa Italy;

Eindhoven Univ Technol Unit Bldg Phys & Serv Dept Built Environm POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands;

Eindhoven Univ Technol Unit Bldg Phys & Serv Dept Built Environm POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands;

Eindhoven Univ Technol Unit Bldg Phys & Serv Dept Built Environm POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands;

Eindhoven Univ Technol Unit Bldg Phys & Serv Dept Built Environm POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands;

Katholieke Univ Leuven Bldg Phys & Sustainable Design Dept Civil Engn Kasteelpk Arenberg 40 Bus 2447 B-3001 Leuven Belgium;

Eindhoven Univ Technol Dept Ind Design POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands|Fontys Univ Appl Sci Sch Sport Studies Theo Koomenlaan 3 NL-5644 HZ Eindhoven Netherlands;

Eindhoven Univ Technol Unit Bldg Phys & Serv Dept Built Environm POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands;

Eindhoven Univ Technol Unit Bldg Phys & Serv Dept Built Environm POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands;

Eindhoven Univ Technol Unit Bldg Phys & Serv Dept Built Environm POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands;

Eindhoven Univ Technol Dept Ind Design POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands|Fontys Univ Appl Sci Sch Sport Studies Theo Koomenlaan 3 NL-5644 HZ Eindhoven Netherlands;

Eindhoven Univ Technol Dept Ind Design POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands;

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正文语种 eng
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COVID-19; Aerosol; Sports club; Fitness center; Building ventilation; Air purifier;

机译：Covid-19;气溶胶;体育俱乐部;健身中心;建筑通风;空气净化器;

Ventilation and air cleaning to limit aerosol particle concentrations in a gym during the COVID-19 pandemic

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