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COVID-19 and urban spaces: A new integrated CFD approach for public health opportunities

机译：Covid-19和城市空间：用于公共卫生机会的新综合CFD方法

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摘要

Safe urban public spaces are vital owing to their impacts on public health, especially during pandemics such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Urban public spaces and urbanscape elements must be designed with the risk of viral transmission in mind. This work therefore examines how the design of urbanscape elements can be revisited to control COVID-19 transmission dynamics. Nine proposed models of urban public seating were thus presented and assessed using a transient three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, with the Eulerian-Lagrangian method and discrete phase model (DPM). The proposed seating models were evaluated by their impact on the normalized air velocity, the diameter of coughing droplets, and deposition fraction. Each of the proposed models demonstrated an increase in the normalized velocity, and a decrease in the deposition fraction by 29%. Diagonal cross linear and curved triangle configurations demonstrated an improved airflow momentum and turbulent flow, which decreased the droplets deposition fraction by 68%, thus providing an improved, healthier urban public seating option.
机译：由于他们对公共卫生的影响，安全的城市公共场所是至关重要的，特别是在持续的Covid-19大流行中的流行病中。必须设计城市公共场所和Urbanscape元素，以符合病毒传输的风险。因此，这项工作研究了如何重新检测Urbanscape元素的设计如何控制Covid-19传输动态。因此，使用瞬态三维计算流体动力学（CFD）模型来提出和评估九种建议的城市公共座位模型，具有欧拉维拉语方法和离散相位模型（DPM）。所提出的座位模型通过它们对归一化空气速度，咳嗽液滴的直径和沉积分数的影响来评估。每个提出的模型表明归一化速度的增加，并且沉积分数的降低＆ 29％。对角线交叉线性和弯曲三角形配置证明了一种改进的气流动量和湍流，这降低了68％的液滴沉积分数，从而提供了改进的更健康的城市公共座位选择。

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