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Comparing the cooling effects of a tree and a concrete shelter using PET and UTCI

机译：使用PET和UTCI比较树木和混凝土遮蔽物的冷却效果

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Trees could provide notable cooling by intercepting solar radiation and evapotranspiration. Human-made shelters in urban areas also serve as shading devices. However, few studies have compared the cooling efficacy of trees and artificial shelters. This study systematically quantified and compared the daytime and nighttime cooling effects of a large Chinese Banyan tree (Ficus microcarpa) with dense foliage and an extensive concrete shelter, in an urban park in Hong Kong's subtropical summer. Microclimatic parameters at the two sites were monitored to compare air temperature, and the computed values of PET (Physiological Equivalent Temperature) and UTCI (Universal Thermal Climate Index). The mean daytime cooling effects generated by the tree were 0.6 degrees C (air temperature), 3.9 degrees C (PET) and 2.5 degrees C (UTCI), which were higher than the shelter at 0.2 degrees C, 3.8 degrees C and 2.0 degrees C respectively. The differences were significant for air temperature and UTCI (p .001 and p .05 respectively, t-test) but not for PET (p = .261). The tree's mean daytime maximum cooling effects were 2.1 degrees C (air temperature), 18.8 degrees C (PET) and 10.3 degrees C (UTCI). The tree's mean nighttime cooling was significantly higher than the shelter for all three indices (p .001, t-test). The thermal stress classifications by PET and UTCI were significantly different on the neutral or warmer side (p .001, Chi-squared test), suggesting that they cannot be used interchangeably. The findings could inform decisions on natural versus artificial shelters in urban thermal design, and trigger comparative investigations in using PET and UTCI for outdoor thermal comfort assessment.
机译：树木可以拦截太阳辐射和蒸散作用，从而显着降温。城市地区的人造庇护所也可以用作遮阳装置。但是，很少有研究比较树木和人工庇护所的制冷效果。这项研究系统地量化并比较了香港亚热带夏季城市公园中一棵大榕树（榕树）的白天和晚上的降温效果，这种榕树有茂密的叶子和宽阔的混凝土遮盖物。监测两个地点的微气候参数以比较空气温度，以及PET（生理等效温度）和UTCI（通用热气候指数）的计算值。树木产生的平均日间降温效果分别为0.6摄氏度（气温），3.9摄氏度（PET）和2.5摄氏度（UTCI），分别高于避难所的0.2摄氏度，3.8摄氏度和2.0摄氏度。分别。空气温度和UTCI的差异显着（t检验分别为p <.001和p <.05，t检验），而PET则无差异（p = .261）。这棵树在白天的平均最大降温效果为2.1摄氏度（气温），18.8摄氏度（PET）和10.3摄氏度（UTCI）。在所有三个指数中，树的平均夜间降温显着高于避难所（p <.001，t检验）。 PET和UTCI的热应力分类在中性或较暖侧显着不同（p <.001，卡方检验），表明它们不能互换使用。这些发现可以为城市热设计中的自然庇护所和人工庇护所的决策提供依据，并触发使用PET和UTCI进行室外热舒适性评估的比较研究。

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