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Effect of airflow interaction in the breathing zone on exposure to bio-effluents

机译：呼吸区内气流相互作用对生物废水暴露的影响

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摘要

The influence of the complex interaction of three airflows-breathing flow, convective flow around the human body and ventilation flow directed against the face-on the exposure to dermally-emitted effluents from a person's own body was examined together with the effects of source location and control. A breathing thermal manikin was used to simulate a seated person in a full size climate chamber. Bioeffluents released at the armpits and groin were simulated with two tracer gases. It was found that the flow of exhalation substantially affected the exposure to dermally-emitted bio-effluents released close to the breathing flow, e.g. armpits. The exposure in the case of exhalation through the nose was higher than when exhalation took place through the mouth. Breathing did not influence the exposure to gaseous pollutants emitted from the lower part of the body, in this case, the groin. Local pollution source control by exhaust ventilation integrated into the seat reduced the exposure. Airflow imposed against the face can substantially reduce the exposure regardless of the pollution source location. However, when this flow is combined with local source control the exposure may paradoxically increase, depending on the airflow interaction at the breathing zone and the source location. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：研究了三种气流的复杂相互作用的影响：呼吸气流，围绕人体的对流气流和针对脸部的通风气流，这对暴露于人体自身的真皮排放物的暴露以及源头位置和位置的影响进行了研究。控制。使用呼吸式暖体假人来模拟全尺寸气候室内的就座人员。用两种示踪气体模拟了腋窝和腹股沟处释放的生物废水。已经发现，呼气流实质上影响了暴露于接近呼吸流释放的真皮排放的生物排放物的暴露，例如，呼吸。腋下。通过鼻子呼气时的暴露量高于通过嘴呼气时的暴露量。呼吸不会影响人体下部（在这种情况下为腹股沟）排放的气体污染物的暴露。通过集成在座椅中的排气通风来控制局部污染源，从而减少了暴露。无论污染源位于何处，施加在脸上的气流都可以大大减少暴露。但是，当这种气流与局部气源控制相结合时，暴露量可能会反常增加，具体取决于呼吸区和气源位置处的气流相互作用。 （C）2017 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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