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Predicting gas dispersion in large scale underground ventilation: A particle tracking approach

机译：预测大规模地下通风中的气体扩散：一种粒子跟踪方法

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The present work highlights the gas dispersion evaluation in large underground tunnel ventilation by means of tracer gas measurement and numerical simulation using particle tracking method. Ventilation system is a tool to control pollutants and/or hazardous gas spreading. The use of grid-based numerical method is limited by the spatial dimension of ventilation network. Therefore, the applicability of such technique for large ventilation network is constrained. A Lagrangian based Particle Tracking method is proposed to evaluate the dispersion of tracer gas from a releasing point to the downstream position in a complex ventilation system. This method simulates mass transport by discretizing mass concentration into numbers of particles. Rather to solving the transport equation in grid system to obtain the mass concentration, this technique simulates mass concentration by counting number of particles at any specified position within the ventilation network. In this research, the network splitting scheme was used to simulate particles' transition in junctions. Further, it was found that by setting effective diffusion coefficient to 47 times larger than those for common underground airway and with velocity correction factor of alpha = 0.59, a good agreement between particle tracking result and tracer gas measurement data can be achieved. This results suggests that the analytical approach in evaluating gas (or pollutant) dispersion and residence time in large ventilation system by the means of conventional ventilation network analysis have to consider both mechanical dispersion and the effect of delay due to trapping mechanism of gas. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：本工作着重通过示踪气体测量和利用颗粒追踪法进行的数值模拟，对大型地下隧道通风中的气体扩散进行评估。通风系统是控制污染物和/或有害气体扩散的工具。基于网格的数值方法的使用受到通风网络空间尺寸的限制。因此，限制了这种技术在大型通风网络中的适用性。提出了一种基于拉格朗日粒子跟踪的方法，以评估示踪气体在复杂通风系统中从释放点到下游位置的扩散。此方法通过将质量浓度离散为多个粒子来模拟质量传输。该技术不是通过求解网格系统中的输运方程来获得质量浓度，而是通过对通风网络内任意指定位置的颗粒数量进行计数来模拟质量浓度。在这项研究中，使用网络拆分方案来模拟结中粒子的过渡。此外，发现通过将有效扩散系数设置为普通地下气道的有效扩散系数的47倍，并且将速度校正因子设置为α= 0.59，可以实现粒子跟踪结果与示踪气体测量数据之间的良好一致性。该结果表明，通过常规通风网络分析来评估大型通风系统中气体（或污染物）的扩散和停留时间的分析方法必须同时考虑机械扩散和由于气体的捕集机理而引起的延迟影响。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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