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首页> 外文期刊>Building and Environment >Effect of technology-enabled time-of-use energy pricing on thermal comfort and energy use in mechanically-conditioned residential buildings in cooling dominated climates
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Effect of technology-enabled time-of-use energy pricing on thermal comfort and energy use in mechanically-conditioned residential buildings in cooling dominated climates

机译：制冷为主的气候条件下，采用技术的分时电价对机械式住宅的热舒适度和能耗的影响

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The effects of automatic indoor set point temperature setbacks using smart thermostats in response to time-of-use (TOU) electricity rates structures on occupant thermal comfort are evaluated for representative single family residential buildings located in 3 climate zones with dominant cooling loads. Building energy models (BEM) of single family homes are evaluated using a full factorial experimental design to create a response surface which provides a continuous function to evaluate the impact of four design variables on long-term thermal comfort indices, including Average Percent of People Dissatisfied (Average PPD), and Percentage Outside Thermal Comfort Zone (POS). These design variables include indoor set point temperature, degrees of setback temperature in cooling mode, building thermal mass, and air exchange rate for each climate zone. These are compared to the relative energy savings resulting from TOU thermostat setbacks while considering other design variables. A second-order response surface is found to provide a reasonable fit to BEM simulation in- and out-of-sample data. The set point temperature is the most influential of the variables studied in decreasing long-term thermal comfort, while reducing HVAC electricity use. The thermostat setback has the strongest influence on thermal comfort in a hot-dry climate, while the most HVAC energy savings is able to be achieved in the mixed-humid climate zone. The results are tabulated for weighing the costs and benefits of TOU electricity rates for homes with different characteristics, in climate zones with air conditioning-dominate energy consumption. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：针对位于3个气候区域且制冷负荷占主导地位的代表性单户住宅建筑，评估了使用智能恒温器响应使用时间（TOU）电费率结构而自动进行的室内设定点温度倒退对乘员的热舒适性的影响。使用全因子实验设计评估单户住宅的建筑能耗模型（BEM），以创建一个响应面，该响应面提供了连续功能，可评估四个设计变量对长期热舒适指数的影响，包括不满意人口的平均百分比（平均PPD）和超出热舒适区（POS）的百分比。这些设计变量包括室内设定点温度，制冷模式下的后退温度度，建筑物热质量以及每个气候区的空气交换率。将这些与在考虑其他设计变量的情况下，TOU恒温器的挫折所带来的相对节能量进行了比较。发现二阶响应面可以为BEM模拟样本内和样本外数据提供合理的拟合。在降低长期热舒适性，同时减少HVAC用电量的同时，设定温度是影响变量研究中影响最大的变量。在干热气候下，恒温器的降温对热舒适性的影响最大，而在混合湿润气候区，则可实现最多的HVAC节能。该结果以表格形式列出，用于权衡在空调占主导地位的气候带中不同特性房屋的TOU电费的成本和收益。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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