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Site-specific louvered shells for shading harmful ultraviolet radiation

机译：特定于现场的百叶窗壳可遮挡有害的紫外线

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摘要

Excessive Ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure results in various health hazards for humans. The United States Environmental Protection Agency maintains that moderate health risk starts at a UV Index of three, where protection such as built shade should be sought. However, commercially available shading structures often fail to take into account varying solar positions at different geographic locations and times of the day. They are typically designed with a "one-design-fits-all" mentality which ignores the site-specificity and time dependency of the position of the sun. This paper proposes and tests a design methodology for a large span louvered shell system that mitigates the harmful effects of UV radiation exposure. The structural beams of the presented grid shell are integrated and optimized as louvers that block out harmful UV radiation only when it poses health risks. The design approach incorporates algorithms that allow for the identification of critical solar positions using a UV Index algorithm, shade analysis, structural form finding and definition of louver orientations and depth. To validate the methodology, a physical prototype is designed, built, equipped with UV sensors and monitored over a period of four months. The presented and tested approach allows for the design of site-specific louvered shells that effectively shade large scale urban spaces (such as public squares, outdoor play and sports grounds and entertainment areas). The resulting novel shades offer an effective strategy for the prevention of UV radiation health risks through the interaction of the built environment.
机译：过度暴露于紫外线（UV）会对人体造成各种健康危害。美国环境保护署坚持认为，中等健康风险始于3的紫外线指数，应寻求保护，例如内置阴影。然而，可商购的遮蔽结构常常不能考虑到在不同地理位置和一天中的不同时间的太阳能位置的变化。它们通常以一种“万能设计”的心态进行设计，而忽略了太阳位置的位置特定性和时间依赖性。本文提出并测试了一种大跨度百叶窗壳系统的设计方法，该方法可减轻暴露于紫外线辐射的有害影响。所展示的格栅壳体的结构梁经过集成和优化，作为百叶窗，仅在构成健康风险时才阻挡有害的紫外线辐射。该设计方法结合了一些算法，这些算法允许使用紫外线指数算法，阴影分析，结构形式查找以及百叶窗方向和深度的定义来识别关键的太阳能位置。为了验证该方法，设计，构建了一个物理原型，配备了紫外线传感器，并在四个月的时间内进行了监控。提出并经过测试的方法允许设计特定位置的百叶窗式百叶窗壳，从而有效地遮挡大型城市空间（例如，公共广场，户外游乐和运动场以及娱乐场所）。由此产生的新颖阴影为通过建筑环境的相互作用提供了有效的策略，可预防紫外线辐射对健康的危害。

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  • 来源
    《Building and Environment》 |2014年第8期|14-22|共9页
  • 作者

    Matthew Horner; Landolf Rhode-Barbarigos; Sigrid Adriaenssens;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, E329 Engineering Quad, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, E312 Engineering Quad, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, E332 Engineering Quad, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA;

  • 收录信息
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Shading; Ultraviolet; Form finding; Louver; Shell;

    机译：阴影;紫外线;查找表格;百叶窗贝壳;

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