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Achieving thermal comfort in naturally ventilated rammed earth houses

机译：在自然通风的夯土房屋中实现热舒适

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Rammed earth buildings are normally perceived to have desirable thermal performance due to the thermal mass effect of the walls; however, this can only be achieved when other design strategies are taken into account such as insulation, double glazing, shading and ventilation. This paper reports on a study of the impact of using rammed earth walls on the indoor temperatures in a non-heated or cooled hypothetical house by using a thermal simulation program. The predicted indoor operative temperatures are compared to the acceptable operative indoor temperatures based on the Adaptive Comfort Standard in ASHRAE 55-20113. The building was considered in three Australian climate zones (zones 3, 5 and 7) representing hot arid, warm temperate and cool temperate climates, respectively. The effect of four design parameters on the indoor temperatures of this hypothetical uninsulated rammed earth wall house was evaluated, including the influence of window size, shading, ventilation rate and wall thickness. It was found that a house constructed of uninsulated rammed earth with a typical wall thickness of 300 mm in climate zones 3, 5 and 7 can only achieve indoor operative temperatures that are within the 80% acceptability limits based on the adaptive model for 77%, 68% and 45% of the time, respectively, if the window size, shading and ventilation rate are optimised. With a 30 mm thick layer of polystyrene insulation inserted into the middle of the rammed earth walls, these performance values can be further increased to 89%, 90% and 58% respectively.
机译：由于墙壁的热质量效应，通常认为夯土建筑具有理想的热性能。但是，只有在考虑其他设计策略（例如隔热，双层玻璃，遮光和通风）后才能实现此目的。本文报告了通过热模拟程序对夯实的墙面在未加热或冷却的假设房屋中室内温度的影响进行的研究。根据ASHRAE 55-20113中的自适应舒适标准，将预测的室内工作温度与可接受的室内工作温度进行比较。该建筑被认为分别位于三个澳大利亚的气候区（3区，5区和7区），分别代表干旱，暖温带和凉爽的温带气候。评估了四个设计参数对该假想的非绝缘夯土墙房屋的室内温度的影响，包括窗户尺寸，阴影，通风速率和壁厚的影响。我们发现，在气候区3、5和7中，用非绝缘夯土建造的典型壁厚为300 mm的房屋只能达到在基于77％自适应模型的80％可接受范围内的室内工作温度，如果优化了窗口大小，阴影和通风率，则分别有68％和45％的时间。将30毫米厚的聚苯乙烯绝缘层插入夯土墙的中间，这些性能值可以分别进一步提高到89％，90％和58％。

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