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Bioaerosol deposition in single and two-bed hospital rooms: A numerical and experimental study

机译：单床和两床病房中的生物气溶胶沉积：数值和实验研究

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Aerial dispersion of pathogenic microorganisms and subsequent contamination of surfaces is well recognised as a potential transmission route for hospital acquired infection. Simulation approaches such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are increasingly used to model particle behaviour in indoor air and the results interpreted to infer infection risk. However there is little validation of such methods in the open literature. This paper considers the ability of CFD simulations to accurately predict spatial distributions of bioaerosol deposition in indoor environments and explores the influence that different room layouts have on deposition patterns. Spatial deposition of aerosolised Staphylococcus aureus was measured in an aerobiology test room arranged in three different layouts: an empty room, a single-bed and a two-bed hospital room. Comparison with CFD simulations using Lagrangian particle tracking demonstrates that a realistic prediction of spatial deposition is feasible, and that a Reynolds Stress (RSM) turbulence model yields significantly better results than the k-ε RNG turbulence model used in most indoor air simulations. Results for all layouts demonstrate that small particle bioaerosols are deposited throughout a room with no clear correlation between relative surface concentration and distance from the source. However, a physical partition separating patients is shown to be effective at reducing cross-contamination of neighbouring patient zones.
机译：病原微生物的空中扩散和随后的表面污染被公认为是医院获得性感染的潜在传播途径。诸如计算流体动力学（CFD）之类的模拟方法越来越多地用于对室内空气中的颗粒行为进行建模，其结果被解释为可推断出感染风险。但是，公开文献中很少有此类方法的验证。本文考虑了CFD模拟能够准确预测室内环境中生物气溶胶沉积的空间分布的能力，并探讨了不同房间布局对沉积模式的影响。气雾化金黄色葡萄球菌的空间沉积是在空气生物学测试室中测量的，该房间以三种不同的布局布置：空房间，单床和两床病房。与使用拉格朗日粒子跟踪的CFD模拟进行比较表明，对空间沉积进行现实的预测是可行的，并且雷诺应力（RSM）湍流模型产生的结果要比大多数室内空气模拟中使用的k-εRNG湍流模型好得多。所有布局的结果均表明，小颗粒生物气溶胶沉积在整个房间内，相对表面浓度与到源的距离之间没有明确的相关性。然而，显示出分隔患者的物理分隔物可有效减少相邻患者区域的交叉污染。

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