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Identification of key plant traits contributing to the cooling effects of green facades using freestanding walls

机译：使用独立式墙识别有助于绿色外墙降温效果的关键植物性状

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Green facades have long been used to reduce the overheating of buildings by excessive solar gain, but little research attention has been paid to the plant traits that reduce the surface temperature of urban structures. This study aimed to identify the key traits contributing to the cooling effects of green facades by comparing five vine plant species. The vines were trained to climb a plastic net that was attached on the freestanding walls under outdoor conditions. One of the walls was not covered with plants to serve as control. We measured the longest vine length, total number of leaves, percentage coverage, leaf transpiration rate, leaf solar transmittance, wall surface temperatures, global solar radiation on a vertical south surface (GSR) and ambient temperature. We identified the percentage coverage as the key trait determining the overall cooling effect: a statistically positive relationship (P < 0.001) was identified between the percentage coverage and the wall surface temperature reduction (WTR; the wall surface temperature differences between the non-covered wall and the covered wall) under GSR of more than 0.1 kW m~(-2). The percentage coverage was in turn found to be determined by the vine length. We also found that genotypic differences in WTRs that were not explained by those in the percentage coverage were related to those in leaf solar transmittance, indicating that this trait also contributed to the cooling effects.
机译：长期以来，绿色外墙一直被用来减少过度的太阳能获取，从而减少建筑物的过热，但是对于降低城市结构表面温度的植物性状，研究很少。这项研究旨在通过比较五种藤本植物物种，找出有助于绿色外墙降温效果的关键特征。葡萄藤经过了培训，可以攀爬在室外条件下附着在独立墙上的塑料网。其中一堵墙没有覆盖植物作为对照。我们测量了最长的藤蔓长度，叶片总数，覆盖率，叶片蒸腾速率，叶片日光透射率，壁表面温度，垂直南表面（GSR）上的全球太阳辐射和环境温度。我们将覆盖率确定为决定整体降温效果的关键特征：覆盖率与壁面温度降低量（WTR）之间的统计正相关性（P <0.001）被确定；未覆盖壁之间的壁面温度差异GSR大于0.1 kW m〜（-2）。进而发现覆盖百分比由藤蔓长度决定。我们还发现，WTR的基因型差异没有被百分比覆盖率的解释所解释，与叶片的日光透射率相关，表明该性状也有助于降温作用。

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