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Modelling 'non-visual' effects of daylighting in a residential environment

机译：在住宅环境中模拟采光的“非视觉”效果

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摘要

The importance of light not only as a therapeutic tool but as an essential element of healthy living has been highlighted by the recent discovery of a specialized photoreceptor in the eye responsible for synchronizing our internal circadian pacemaker. This pigment, melanopsin, differs from visual receptors in several characteristics, here simplified into a blue-shifted spectral sensitivity and a dose-response curve established from night-time studies. While a vast range of tools has been developed to simulate the amount of light in lux or lumens falling on a static, horizontal surface, corneal exposure estimates are needed for modelling the biological responses to light in space, which require a vertical sensor that can rotate and translate as a human eye does. This paper examines the effects of housing design upon the amount of daylight available for maintaining synchronization of the human circadian system considered in conjunction with human movement, using historic Boston row houses as a case study. Based on a series of simulations taking into account the two above-mentioned characteristics of the non-visual system, this paper proposes a preliminary workflow for suggestions regarding lighting restoration and opens new perspectives on future variables to include. This study found that even modest renovations like painting the space a lighter colour have a noticeable impact on the light received by a moving sensor. More aggressive design choices, such as not using the basement floor of the house for apartments, raise the amount and timing of light received to nearly the level of the best-case scenario.
机译：最近发现在眼睛中可以使我们的生物钟起搏器同步的一种特殊的感光体，凸显了光不仅作为治疗工具，而且作为健康生活必不可少的要素的重要性。黑色素这种色素与视觉受体在几个特征上有所不同，此处简化为蓝移光谱灵敏度和夜间研究建立的剂量反应曲线。尽管已经开发出各种各样的工具来模拟落在静态水平表面上的勒克斯或流明的光量，但是需要建模角膜暴露估计量来模拟对空间中光的生物响应，这需要垂直传感器可以旋转并像人眼一样翻译。本文以历史悠久的波士顿排屋为案例，研究了房屋设计对日光量的影响，该日光量可用于维持与人类运动相结合的人类昼夜节律系统的同步性。考虑到非可视系统的上述两个特征，在一系列模拟的基础上，本文提出了有关照明恢复建议的初步工作流程，并为将来的变量打开了新的视野。这项研究发现，即使是适度的翻新，例如将空间涂成更浅的颜色，也会对移动的传感器接收到的光产生显着影响。更具侵略性的设计选择，例如不将房屋的地下室用作公寓，会使接收到​​的光的数量和时间增加到接近最佳情况的水平。

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  • 来源
    《Building and Environment》 |2013年第12期|138-149|共12页
  • 作者

    Marilyne Andersen; Sharon J. Gochenour; Steven W. Lockley;

  • 作者单位

    Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Performance-Integrated Design (LIPID), School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Federate de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland,Building Technology Program, Department of Architecture, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA,Corresponding author. EPFL-ENAC, Building GC A2 401, Station 18, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;

    Building Technology Program, Department of Architecture, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA;

    Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Daylighting; Circadian; Non-visual effects; Health; Residential; Building simulation;

    机译：采光;昼夜节律非视觉效果;健康;住宅;建筑模拟;

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