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Evaluation of low-energy and conventional residential buildings from occupants' perspective

机译：从居住者的角度评估低能耗和常规住宅

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The aim of this paper is to investigate building performance from the occupants' perspective and to compare how the residents in low-energy multi-family buildings and conventional buildings, respectively, perceive the comfort of, and satisfaction with, indoor elements. Additionally, the study explores differences in living-in, operation and management in low-energy and conventional residential buildings. The key data was obtained by surveys sent to occupants of carefully selected comparable buildings: three low-energy and three conventional residential buildings. Responses were compared and statistical difference was tested by the Mann-Whitney test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Findings indicate that both low-energy and conventional residential buildings have satisfied and less satisfied tenants. The occupants' satisfaction might decrease if thermal discomfort leads them to use supplementary heating; however, use of supplementary cooling does not have the same significance. Problems and concerns regarding ventilation and heating appeared in both types of buildings. Results suggest that, compared with conventional buildings, low-energy residential buildings required the same or less system adjustment, which suggests that, from a lifecyde perspective, the low-energy buildings are the better investment. Occupants' responses suggest that the "green" profile of the building has a positive impact on their environmental awareness and behaviour. This paper shows that occupants' feedback is an important part of comprehensive building performance assessment, indicating areas for improvement relevant for developers and housing managers. The presented results show that problems often identified as specific to low-energy buildings also appear in conventional buildings.
机译：本文的目的是从居住者的角度研究建筑性能，并比较低能耗的多户家庭建筑和常规建筑中的居民对室内元素的舒适度和满意度。此外，该研究还探讨了低能耗和常规住宅建筑在居住，运营和管理方面的差异。关键数据是通过向精心挑选的可比建筑物的居民发送的调查获得的：三座低能耗建筑物和三座常规住宅建筑物。比较反应，并通过Mann-Whitney检验和Kruskal-Wallis检验检验统计学差异。调查结果表明，低能耗和常规住宅建筑都满足和不满足租户。如果因热不舒服导致他们使用辅助加热，则乘员的满意度可能会降低；但是，使用辅助冷却的意义并不相同。两种建筑物都出现了有关通风和供暖的问题和担忧。结果表明，与常规建筑物相比，低能耗住宅建筑物需要进行相同或更少的系统调整，这表明，从生命周期的角度来看，低能耗建筑物是更好的投资。居住者的回答表明，建筑物的“绿色”轮廓对其环境意识和行为产生了积极影响。本文表明，居住者的反馈是全面建筑性能评估的重要组成部分，指出了与开发商和住房管理者相关的改进领域。提出的结果表明，通常被确定为低能耗建筑的问题也出现在常规建筑中。

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