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Low-temperature baseboard heaters with integrated air supply - An analytical and numerical investigation

机译：集成供气的低温踢脚线加热器-分析和数值研究

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The functioning of a hydronic baseboard heating system with integrated air supply was analyzed. The aim was to investigate thermal performance of the system when cold outdoor (ventilation) airflow was forced through the baseboard heater. The performance of the system was evaluated for different ventilation rates at typical outdoor temperatures during the Swedish winter season. Three different analytical models and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) were used to predict the temperature rise of the airflow inside the baseboard heater. Good agreement between numerical (CFD) and analytical calculations was obtained. Calculations showed that it was fully possible to pre-heat the incoming airflow to the indoor temperature and to cover transmission losses, using 45℃ supply water flow. The analytical calculations also showed that the airflow per supply opening in the baseboard heater needed to be limited to 7.01/s due to pressure losses inside the channel. At this ventilation rate, the integrated system with one air supply gave about 2.1 more heat output than a conventional baseboard heating system. CFD simulations also showed that the integrated system was capable of countering downdraught created by 2.0 m high glazed areas and a cold outdoor environment. Draught discomfort in the case with the conventional system was slightly above the recommended upper limit, but heat distribution across whole analyzed office space was uniform for both heating systems. It was concluded that low-temper-ature baseboard heating systems with integrated air supply can meet both international comfort requirements, and lead to energy savings in cold climates.
机译：分析了带有集成气源的水力底板加热系统的功能。目的是研究在室外冷（通风）气流被迫穿过底板加热器时系统的热性能。在瑞典冬季期间，针对典型室外温度下的不同通风率，评估了系统的性能。三种不同的分析模型和计算流体动力学（CFD）用于预测底板加热器内气流的温度升高。数值（CFD）与分析计算之间取得了很好的一致性。计算表明，使用45℃的给水流量，可以完全将传入的气流预热到室内温度，并弥补传输损失。分析计算还显示，由于通道内部的压力损失，需要将底板加热器每个供气口的气流限制为7.01 / s。在这种通风速率下，带有一个气源的集成系统比传统的踢脚板供暖系统多输出2.1倍的热量。 CFD仿真还表明，该集成系统能够应对由2.0 m高玻璃区域和寒冷的室外环境造成的下垂。在传统系统中，吃水不适感略高于建议的上限，但是对于两个供暖系统，在整个已分析办公空间中的热量分布是均匀的。结论是带有集成供气的低温踢脚线供暖系统既可以满足国际舒适性要求，又可以在寒冷气候下节省能源。

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