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CFD study of exhaled droplet transmission between occupants under different ventilation strategies in a typical office room

机译：在典型的办公室房间中，不同通风策略下乘员之间呼出的小滴传播的CFD研究

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摘要

This paper investigated the transmission of respiratory droplets between two seated occupants equipped with one type of personalized ventilation (PV) device using round movable panel (RMP) in an office room. The office was ventilated by three different total volume (TV) ventilation strategies, i.e. mixing ventilation (MV), displacement ventilation (DV), and under-floor air distribution (UFAD) system respectively as background ventilation methods. Concentrations of particles with aerodynamic diameters of 0.8 μm, 5 μm, and 16 μm as well as tracer gas were numerically studied in the Eulerian frame. Two indexes, i.e. intake fraction (IF) and concentration uniformity index R_c were introduced to evaluate the performance of ventilation systems. It was found that without PV, DV performed best concern protecting the exposed manikin from the pollutants exhaled by the polluting manikin. In MV when the exposed manikin opened RMP the inhaled air quality could always be improved. In DV and UFAD application of RMP might sometimes, depending on the personalized airflow rate, increase the exposure of the others to the exhaled droplets of tracer gas, 0.8 μm particles, and 5 um particles from the infected occupants. Application of PV could reduce R_c for all the three TV systems of 0.8 μm and 5 μm particles. PV enhanced mixing degree of particles under DV and UFAD based conditions much stronger than under MV based ones. PV could increase the average concentration in the occupied zone of the exposed manikin as well as provide clean personalized airflow. Whether inhaled air quality could be improved depended on the balance of pros and cons of PV.
机译：本文研究了在办公室中使用圆形可移动面板（RMP）的配备一种类型的个性化通风（PV）装置的两个就座乘客之间呼吸滴的传播情况。办公室采用三种不同的总通风量（TV）通风策略进行通风，即混合通风（MV），置换通风（DV）和地板下空气分配（UFAD）系统作为背景通风方法。在欧拉框架中对空气动力学直径为0.8μm，5μm和16μm的颗粒以及示踪气体的浓度进行了数值研究。引入两个指标，即进气分数（IF）和浓度均匀性指标R_c来评估通风系统的性能。已发现，在没有PV的情况下，DV最好地保护暴露的人体模型免受污染的人体模型呼出的污染物的伤害。在MV中，当暴露的人体模型打开RMP时，吸入空气质量始终可以得到改善。在DV和UFAD中，根据个人化的气流速率，有时可能会使用RMP来增加其他污染物对示踪气体，0.8μm颗粒和5 um颗粒从被感染乘员呼出的液滴的暴露。 PV的应用可以降低所有三个0.8μm和5μm颗粒的TV系统的R_c。在基于DV和UFAD的条件下，PV增强了颗粒的混合度，远比基于MV和UFAD的条件下增强。 PV可增加人体模型暴露区域的平均浓度，并提供清洁的个性化气流。吸入空气质量是否可以改善取决于PV利弊的平衡。

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  • 来源
    《Building and Environment》 |2011年第2期|p.397-408|共12页
  • 作者

    Qibin He; Jianlei Niu; Naiping Gao; Tong Zhu; Jiazheng Wu;

  • 作者单位

    Institute of Refrigeration and Thermal Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239#, Shanghai, China;

    Department of Building Services Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Horn, Kowloon, Hong Kong;

    Institute of Refrigeration and Thermal Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239#, Shanghai, China;

    Institute of Refrigeration and Thermal Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239#, Shanghai, China;

    Institute of Refrigeration and Thermal Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239#, Shanghai, China;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    exhaled droplets; ventilation strategy; aerosol transmission; eulerian drift-flux method;

    机译：呼出的飞沫通风策略;气溶胶传播;欧拉漂移通量法;

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