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Data center design and location: Consequences for electricity use and greenhouse-gas emissions

机译：数据中心的设计和位置：电力使用和温室气体排放的后果

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摘要

The rapidly increasing electricity demand for data center operation has motivated efforts to better understand current data center energy use and to identify strategies that reduce the environmental impact of these buildings. This paper builds on previous data center energy modeling efforts by characterizing local climate and mechanical equipment differences among data centers and then evaluating their consequences for building energy use. Cities in the United States with significant data center activity are identified. Representative climate conditions for these cities are applied to data center energy models for several different prototypical space types. Results indicate that widespread, effective economizer use in data centers could reduce energy demand for data centers by about 20—25%, equivalent to an energy efficiency resource in the US of -13—17 billion kWh per year. Almost half of the potential savings would result from better airflow management and proper control sequences. The total energy savings potential of economizers, although substantial, is constrained by their limited potential for use in server closets and server rooms, which together are estimated to account for about 30% of all data center energy demand. Incorporating economizer use into the mechanical systems of larger data centers would increase the variation in energy efficiency among geographic regions, indicating that as data center buildings become more energy efficient, their locations will have an increasing effect on overall energy demand. Differences among regions become even more important when accounting for greenhouse-gas emissions. Future data center development could consider site location, along with efficiency measures, to limit the environmental impact attributable to this increasingly prominent economic sector.
机译：数据中心运营对电力的需求迅速增长，促使人们更加努力地了解当前数据中心的能源使用情况，并确定减少这些建筑物对环境的影响的策略。本文通过描述数据中心之间的局部气候和机械设备差异，然后评估它们对建筑能源使用的影响，建立在以前的数据中心能源建模工作的基础上。确定了数据中心活动活跃的美国城市。这些城市的代表性气候条件已应用于几种不同原型空间类型的数据中心能源模型。结果表明，在数据中心广泛，有效地使用节能器可以使数据中心的能源需求减少大约20％至25％，相当于美国每年-13170亿千瓦时的能源效率资源。更好的气流管理和适当的控制顺序将导致几乎一半的潜在节省。省煤器的总节能潜力尽管很大，但受限于它们在服务器壁橱和服务器机房中使用的潜力有限，估计它们合计占全部数据中心能源需求的30％左右。将省煤器的使用纳入大型数据中心的机械系统中会增加地理区域之间的能效差异，这表明随着数据中心建筑物的能效提高，其位置将对总体能源需求产生越来越大的影响。考虑温室气体排放时，地区间的差异变得更加重要。未来的数据中心开发可以考虑站点位置以及效率措施，以限制可归因于这一日益突出的经济部门的环境影响。

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  • 来源
    《Building and Environment》 |2011年第5期|p.990-998|共9页
  • 作者

    Arman Shehabi; Eric Masanet; Hillary Price; Arpad Horvath; William W Nazaroff;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710, USA,Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;

    Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;

    Rumsey Engineers, Oakland, CA 94607, USA;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710, USA;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710, USA,Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    economizers; it; hvac design; indoor environmental quality; energy efficiency; climate-change mitigation;

    机译：省煤器;暖通空调设计;室内环境质量;能源效率;减缓气候变化;

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