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Ventilation strategy and air change rates in idealized high-rise compact urban areas

机译：理想化的高层紧凑城市地区的通风策略和换气率

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We regarded high-rise compact urban areas as obstacles and pathways to the approaching wind. Flow rates across street openings, open street roofs and along street networks contribute to air exchange between urban airspaces and their external surroundings. We numerically studied the ventilation and air change rates in some aligned square building arrays (the building width B = 30 mm, building heights H = 28 or 2.67B) with building area densities of λ_p = 0.25 or 0.4 (i.e. the ratio between the plan area of buildings viewed from above and the total underlying surface area). The main and secondary streets are parallel and perpendicular to the approaching wind respectively. Urban parameters are found important to the ventilation. The taller buildings (H = 2.67B) may capture larger inflow rates across windward street openings than the lower (H = 2B). Wider streets and smaller building area density provide more wind pathways and obtain larger flow rates along street networks. Meanwhile, the flow rates along the street may quickly decrease due to strong resistances produced by high-rise buildings, so the total street length should be limited, otherwise the ventilation in downstream regions is not good. The secondary streets always experience worse ventilation than the main streets. A building height variation benefits ventilation in the secondary streets by enhancing vertical mean flow rates across street roofs in contrast to those with uniform heights. If the base of all buildings is open from z = 0 to 0.33B, the ventilation in both the main and secondary streets becomes better.
机译：我们将高层紧凑的城市地区视为迎面而来的障碍和道路。穿过街道开口，开放的街道屋顶以及沿着街道网络的流量有助于城市空域与其外部环境之间的空气交换。我们通过数值研究了一些对齐的正方形建筑阵列（建筑宽度B = 30 mm，建筑高度H = 28或2.67B）中的通风和换气率，建筑面积密度为λ_p= 0.25或0.4（即计划之间的比率）从上方观察的建筑物面积和总的基础表面积）。主要街道和次要街道分别平行于垂直风。发现城市参数对通风很重要。较高的建筑物（H = 2.67B）可能比较低的建筑物（H = 2B）捕获更大的迎风街道开口处的流入量。较宽的街道和较小的建筑面积密度提供了更多的风路，并沿街道网络获得了更大的流量。同时，由于高层建筑产生的强阻力，沿街道的流量可能会迅速下降，因此应限制街道的总长度，否则下游区域的通风不佳。次要街道总是比主要街道的通风状况差。与高度均匀的建筑物相比，建筑物高度的变化通过提高穿过街道屋顶的垂直平均流速来改善次要街道的通风。如果所有建筑物的底部从z = 0到0.33B敞开，则主要街道和次要街道的通风都会更好。

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