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Simulation and health risk assessment of residential particle pollution by coal combustion in China

机译：中国居民燃煤污染颗粒物的模拟与健康风险评估

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In China, residential coal combustion has resulted in serious indoor air pollution, and the emitted particulate matters and associated toxic organic compounds are greatly harmful to human health. For example, the high lung cancer mortality in Xuanwei County, Yunnan Province was attributed to inhalation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-coated particles within the houses. Based on previous investigations, this paper simulated the indoor particle pollution from coal combustion for a typical home in Xuanwei by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), one of the important pollutants from incomplete combustion, was used as a criterion for its strong carcinogenicity in risk assessment. Mechanical exhaust fan was installed in order to reduce the concentration of suspended particles indoors. Based on the simulated results, an engineering-oriented method was demonstrated to be effective in assessing indoor particle pollution by coal combustion and its health effect. Results indicated that the indoor particle pollution was rather serious due to the poor ventilation. Women, who spent more time indoors than men, had higher risk for lung cancer, and the predicted incidence for local people accorded well with previous surveys [Chapman RS, Mumford JL, Harris DB. The epidemiology of lung cancer in Xuanwei, China: current process, issues and research strategies. Archives of Environmental Health 1988;43(2):180-5]. The installation of the exhaust fan turned out to be effective in removing indoor particles since it greatly strengthened airflows and the contaminant removal is significantly improved.
机译：在中国，居民燃煤导致严重的室内空气污染，排放的颗粒物和相关的有毒有机化合物极大地危害人体健康。例如，云南省宣威县的肺癌高死亡率归因于房屋内吸入多环芳烃（PAHs）涂层的颗粒。在此基础上，本文采用计算流体力学（CFD）方法，对宣威市某典型房屋的燃煤室内颗粒物污染进行了模拟。苯并[a] py（BaP）是不完全燃烧的重要污染物之一，被用作风险评估中强致癌性的标准。为了减少室内悬浮颗粒的浓度，安装了机械排风扇。基于模拟结果，证明了一种面向工程的方法可有效评估燃煤引起的室内颗粒污染及其健康影响。结果表明，由于通风不良，室内颗粒污染比较严重。女性在室内呆的时间比男性多，罹患肺癌的风险更高，当地人的预测发病率与以前的调查非常吻合[Chapman RS，Mumford JL，Harris DB。中国宣威市的肺癌流行病学：当前的过程，问题和研究策略。环境卫生档案，1988； 43（2）：180-5]。事实证明，排气扇的安装可有效去除室内颗粒，因为它极大地增强了气流并显着改善了污染物的去除。

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