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Transient CFD simulation of the respiration process and inter-person exposure assessment

机译：呼吸过程的瞬态CFD模拟和人际接触评估

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It is known that the person-to-person spreading of certain infectious diseases is related with the transmission of human exhaled air in the indoor environments, and this is suspected to be the case with the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak. This paper presents the numerical analysis of the human respiration process and the transport of exhaled air by breathing, sneezing, and coughing and their potential impact on the adjacent person in a modeled room with displacement ventilation. In order to account for the influence of the thermal plume around the human body, a three-dimensional computational thermal manikin (CTM) with an accurate description of body geometry was applied. Some of the results were compared with those from former simulations and experiments. It was found that personal exposure to the exhaled air from the normal respiration process of other persons is very low in a modeled room with displacement ventilation. Personal exposure to pollution caused by sneezing or coughing is highly directional. When two occupants face each other the cross-infection may happen due to the long transport distance of the exhalation.
机译：众所周知，某些传染病在人与人之间的传播与室内环境中人类呼出空气的传播有关，严重的急性呼吸道综合症（SARS）爆发就是这种情况。本文介绍了人体呼吸过程以及通过呼吸，打喷嚏和咳嗽输送呼出空气的数值分析，以及它们对置换通风的模拟房间的潜在影响。为了解决热羽流对人体的影响，应用了具有精确描述身体几何形状的三维计算热人体模型（CTM）。将某些结果与以前的模拟和实验的结果进行了比较。结果发现，在具有置换通风的模型房间中，个人暴露于其他人正常呼吸过程所呼出的空气的可能性非常低。个人因打喷嚏或咳嗽所致的污染是高度定向的。当两个乘员面对面时，由于呼气的运输距离长，可能会发生交叉感染。

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