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Overheating in vulnerable and non-vulnerable households

机译：脆弱和非脆弱家庭的过热

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摘要

As the 2003 European heatwave demonstrated, overheating in homes can cause wide-scale fatalities. With temperatures and heatwave frequency predicted to increase due to climate change, such events can be expected to become more common. Thus, investigating the risk of overheating in buildings is key to understanding the scale of the problem and in designing solutions. Most work on this topic has been theoretical and based on lightweight dwellings that might be expected to overheat. By contrast, this study collects temperature and air quality data over two years for vulnerable and non-vulnerable UK homes where overheating would not be expected to be common. Overheating was found to occur, particularly and disproportionately in households with vulnerable occupants. As the summers in question were not extreme and contained no prolonged heatwaves, this is a significant and worrying finding. The vulnerable homes were also found to have worse indoor air quality. This suggests that some of the problem might be solved by enhancing indoor ventilation. The collected thermal comfort survey data were also validated against the European adaptive model. Results suggest that the model underestimates discomfort in warm conditions, having implications for both vulnerable and non-vulnerable homes.
机译：正如2003年欧洲热浪所证明的那样，房屋过热可能导致大规模的死亡。预计由于气候变化，温度和热波频率会增加，因此此类事件有望变得更加普遍。因此，调查建筑物中的过热风险是了解问题的严重性和设计解决方案的关键。关于该主题的大多数工作都是理论上的，并且是基于可能会过热的轻型住宅。相比之下，本研究收集了预计在两年内过热不会发生的英国脆弱和无脆弱房屋的两年温度和空气质量数据。人们发现，特别是在有弱势居住者的家庭中，过热现象尤其严重。由于所讨论的夏季并不极端，并且没有长时间的热浪，因此这是一个重大而令人担忧的发现。还发现弱势家庭的室内空气质量较差。这表明可以通过增强室内通风来解决某些问题。收集的热舒适性调查数据也已根据欧洲自适应模型进行了验证。结果表明，该模型低估了温暖条件下的不适感，对脆弱和无脆弱房屋都有影响。

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