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首页> 外文期刊>Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France >CONTRIBUTION A LA CONNAISSANCE DU REGIME ALIMENTAIRE DE LA GENETTE COMMUNE (GENETTA GENETTA) DANS LA RESERVE CYNEGETIQUE DE MOUTAS, TLEMCEN (ALGERIE)
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CONTRIBUTION A LA CONNAISSANCE DU REGIME ALIMENTAIRE DE LA GENETTE COMMUNE (GENETTA GENETTA) DANS LA RESERVE CYNEGETIQUE DE MOUTAS, TLEMCEN (ALGERIE)

机译：对蒙古莱蒙（MLMCA）的白垩纪植物储备中的共同基因（GENETTA GENETTA）进食系统的认识的贡献

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摘要

The diet of the genet was studied in the Moutas hunting reserve, a sub-humid zone situated in the extreme north-west of Algeria. The reserve is a 2000 ha enclosure with coppiced oaks, on the 1050 m high Mont de Tlemcen. A first study of the genet diet was conducted in El Turf, a region located in the exreme north eastern of Algeria providing preliminary results (DELIBES et al., 1989). In the center of the country and in the north, in Djurdjura, the trophic regime of this animal was studied in detail by KENNICHE (1990), HAMDINE (1991) and HAMDINE et al. (1993). These earlier studies provided information on the specific composition and annual variation of the genet diet. This study, conducted in an environment different from those of previous ones, combined two objectives: 1) a characterization of the trophic diet of the genet and 2) trophic uses and the strategy it develops to catch the preys. An analysis of 172 excrements, gathered during an annual cycle, allowed the identification of 954 food items categorised in 5 main classes, of which the most important were arthropods and mammals. The genet feeds principally on the field mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus), representing 90.2% of mammal food items. The coincidence of genet activity and the field mouse's nycthemeral rhythm shows a partial dependence of this carnivore on A. sylvaticus. Arthropods are mainly represented by coleopterans (60.6%). Birds are particularly represented by Alectoris barbara (50.8%) and Sylvia sp. (26.6%). Reptiles and amphibians, as well as fruits and plants, are only consumed infrequently. The results reveal seasonal variations in the genet diet. Thus, mammals are more important in winter and arthropods in spring, summer and fall. This is related to the availability of prey. In fact, in winter, in extreme conditions, arthropods are in hibernation and the genet seeks rare and large prey, such as mammals. In the other seasons, and mainly in summer, arthropods are fully active and more easily captured. The genet is an opportunistic feeder but shows a marked preference for a single food item, Apodemus sylvaticus. Apodemus sylvaticus represents the main prey item in terms of energetic intake. The genet's diet in Moutas and Djurdjura comprises the same food items with more or less different rates of intake, whereas in El Tarf it adds fish to its diet and prefers Mus spretus to Apodemus sylvaticus.
机译：家属的饮食在Moutas狩猎保护区进行了研究，该保护区位于阿尔及利亚最西北部的一个半湿润地区。该保护区位于海拔1050 m的Mont de Tlemcen上，面积为2000公顷，内有橡木。关于基因饮食的第一个研究是在阿尔特里亚东北部的El Turf地区进行的，该研究提供了初步的结果（DELIBES等，1989）。在该国中部和北部，在朱迪茹拉（Jjurdjura），KENNICHE（1990），HAMDINE（1991）和HAMDINE等人详细研究了该动物的营养状况。 （1993）。这些较早的研究提供了有关基因饮食的具体组成和年度变化的信息。这项研究是在与先前环境不同的环境中进行的，结合了两个目标：1）表征该种的营养饮食，以及2）营养的用途及其开发的捕获猎物的策略。通过对一个年度周期内收集的172个排泄物的分析，可以识别出954种食品，这些食品分为5个主要类别，其中最重要的是节肢动物和哺乳动物。该基因主要以田鼠（Apodemus sylvaticus）为食，占哺乳动物食物的90.2％。生殖活动和田鼠的夜色节律的一致表明，这种食肉动物部分依赖于樟木。节肢动物主要以鞘翅目为代表（60.6％）。鸟类特别以Alectoris barbara（50.8％）和Sylvia sp。为代表。 （26.6％）。爬行动物和两栖动物以及水果和植物很少被食用。结果揭示了生殖饮食的季节性变化。因此，哺乳动物在冬季更为重要，而节肢动物在春季，夏季和秋季更为重要。这与猎物的可用性有关。实际上，在冬季，在极端条件下，节肢动物正处于冬眠状态，该家族寻找稀有和大型的猎物，例如哺乳动物。在其他季节，主要在夏季，节肢动物非常活跃，更容易被捕获。该种是机会饲养者，但显示出对单一食物姬鼠Apodemus sylvaticus的明显偏好。在能量摄入方面，姬鼠姬鼠是主要的猎物。在Moutas和Djurdjura的该族的饮食包含相同的食物，其摄取速率或多或少有所不同，而在El Tarf，它的饮食中增加了鱼类，并且比姬鼠更喜欢mus spretus。

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