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Materials challenges in rechargeable lithium-air batteries

机译：可充电锂空气电池的材料挑战

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摘要

Lithium-air batteries have received extraordinary attention recently owing to their theoretical gravimetric energies being considerably higher than those of Li-ion batteries. There are, however, significant challenges to practical implementation, including low energy efficiency, cycle life, and power capability. These are due primarily to the lack of fundamental understanding of oxygen reduction and evolution reaction kinetics and parasitic reactions between oxygen redox intermediate species and nominally inactive battery components such as carbon in the oxygen electrode and electrolytes. In this article, we discuss recent advances in the mechanistic understanding of oxygen redox reactions in nonaqueous electrolytes and the search for electrolytes and electrode materials that are chemically stable in the oxygen electrode. In addition, methods to protect lithium metal against corrosion by water and dendrite formation in aqueous lithium-air batteries are discussed. Further materials innovations lie at the heart of research and development efforts that are needed to enable the development of lithium-oxygen batteries with enhanced round-trip efficiency and cycle life.
机译：锂空气电池由于其理论重量比能量远高于锂离子电池，因此受到了极大的关注。但是，实际实施存在很大的挑战，包括低能效，循环寿命和功率能力。这些主要是由于缺乏对氧气还原和放出反应动力学以及氧气氧化还原中间物质与名义上不活跃的电池组件（例如氧气电极和电解质中的碳）之间的寄生反应的基本了解。在本文中，我们讨论了在机械理解非水电解质中的氧还原反应以及寻找在氧电极中化学稳定的电解质和电极材料方面的最新进展。另外，讨论了保护锂金属免于在水-锂-空气电池中被水腐蚀和枝晶形成的方法。进一步的材料创新是研发工作的核心，这是使锂氧电池开发具有更高的往返效率和循环寿命所必需的。

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  • 来源
    《MRS bulletin》 |2014年第5期|443-452|共10页
  • 作者

    D.G. Kwabi; N. Ortiz-Vitoriano; S.A. Freunberger; Y. Chen; N. Imanishi; RG. Bruce; Y. Shao-Horn;

  • 作者单位

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA;

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA;

    Graz University of Technology, Austria;

    University ot St. Andrews, UK;

    Mie University. Japan;

    University of St. Andrews, UK;

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology. USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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