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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Water Resources Journal >Benefits and limitations of using isotope-derived groundwater travel times and major ion chemistry to validate a regional groundwater flow model: example from the Centre-du-Quebec egion, Canada
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Benefits and limitations of using isotope-derived groundwater travel times and major ion chemistry to validate a regional groundwater flow model: example from the Centre-du-Quebec egion, Canada

机译：使用同位素衍生的地下水传播时间和主要离子化学方法来验证区域地下水流模型的好处和局限性：加拿大加拿大中部魁北克省示例

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Understanding groundwater dynamics at the regional scale ( 100km) is essential to the development of sustainable water management regulations. Groundwater flow models are increasingly used to support these strategies. However, in order to be reliable, these models need to be calibrated and validated. The objective of this work is to evaluate the benefits and the limitations of using isotope-derived groundwater travel times and major ion chemistry to validate a regional-scale groundwater flow model in the humid continental climate of southern Quebec (Canada). A three-dimensional regional-scale steady-state groundwater model was created using MODFLOW for the fractured bedrock aquifer of the Centre-du-Quebec region (Quebec, Canada), using data acquired during recent aquifer characterization projects. The model covers an area of 7452 km(2), from the unconfined Appalachian Mountains to the confined St. Lawrence Platform. Groundwater travel times were simulated for 211 wells using particle tracking. The groundwater flow model was calibrated using 11,775 regionally distributed heads and 15 baseflow values. The model was validated using 23 H-3/He-3 residence time (3 to 60 years), 17 C-14 residence time (226 to 22,600 years), and the major ion compositions from 211 wells. Results indicate that the model is able to satisfactorily simulate H-3/He-3 isotopic residence time, while C-14 isotopic residence times are generally underestimated. These results suggest substantial mixing between groundwater recharged during the last deglaciation and recently recharged water. Regional groundwater flow is limited or absent, and most of the recharge discharges to the river network as baseflow. The analysis of travel times indicates a statistically distinct mean travel time for the different groundwater types. Median travel time is 68 years for recently recharged groundwater (Ca-HCO3), 274years for semi-confined groundwater (Na-HCO3), and 738 years for confined groundwater (Na-Cl). This confirms that groundwater chemistry is a broad indicator of groundwater travel time.
机译：了解区域尺度（> 100 km）的地下水动态对于制定可持续的水管理法规至关重要。越来越多地使用地下水流模型来支持这些策略。但是，为了可靠起见，需要对这些模型进行校准和验证。这项工作的目的是评估使用同位素衍生的地下水传播时间和主要离子化学方法在魁北克南部（加拿大）潮湿的大陆性气候中验证区域规模地下水流动模型的好处和局限性。利用MODFLOW为魁北克中部地区（加拿大魁北克）的裂隙基岩含水层创建了三维区域规模的稳态地下水模型，并使用了最近在含水层特征化项目中获得的数据。从无限制的阿巴拉契亚山脉到受限制的圣劳伦斯平台，该模型的占地面积为7452 km（2）。使用粒子跟踪模拟了211口井的地下水运行时间。地下水流量模型使用11775个局部分布的扬程和15个基本流量值进行了校准。使用23 H-3 / He-3停留时间（3至60年），17 C-14停留时间（226至22,600年）以及211口井的主要离子组成对模型进行了验证。结果表明，该模型能够令人满意地模拟H-3 / He-3同位素的停留时间，而C-14同位素的停留时间通常被低估了。这些结果表明在最后一次冰消期间补给的地下水与最近补给的水之间存在大量混合。区域地下水流量有限或不存在，大部分补给作为底流量排入河网。对行进时间的分析表明，对于不同类型的地下水，统计上平均的行进时间是不同的。最近补给的地下水（Ca-HCO3）的中位时间为68年，半限定地下水（Na-HCO3）的中位时间为274年，承压地下水（Na-Cl）的中位时间为738年。这证实了地下水化学是地下水传播时间的广泛指标。

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