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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Water Resources Journal >Using colour, shape and radionuclide fingerprints to identify sources of sediment in an agricultural watershed in Atlantic Canada
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Using colour, shape and radionuclide fingerprints to identify sources of sediment in an agricultural watershed in Atlantic Canada

机译：使用颜色，形状和放射性核素指纹识别加拿大大西洋省一个农业流域中的沉积物来源

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摘要

Information on the sources of sediment is required both for the targeting, development and implementation of best management practices (BMPs) in agricultural regions and for understanding the nature of sediment dynamics within watersheds. Investigations have shown that a number of physical and biogeochemical sediment properties can be used as fingerprints to trace sediment back to its source. Three groups of fingerprints - spectral reflectance (colour), particle morphology (size and shape), and fallout radionuclides (Cs-137) - were used to fingerprint the sources of sediment in a predominantly agricultural watershed (14.5 km(2)) in Atlantic Canada over a 7-year period. Both spectral reflectance and fallout radionuclides were successful in discriminating between sources of sediment identified within the watershed. In contrast, fingerprints based on particle morphology were not able to discriminate between any of the sources of sediment. A composite fingerprint including both spectral reflectance and radionuclide fingerprints was used to estimate the relative contributions from agricultural topsoil (i.e. rill and inter-rill erosion), agricultural subsurface (i.e. streambank and gully erosion) and forested areas. Sediment fingerprinting indicated that topsoil derived from agricultural land was the greatest contributor (77.2%; 95% credible interval (CI95%) [35.5, 92.5]) to suspended sediment collected at the outlet of the watershed. Streambanks and gullies within agricultural areas were also identified as important sources of sediment (17.4%; CI95% [3.1, 46.9]), while forested land was a minor source of sediment in the watershed (3.2%; CI95% [0.2, 18.9]). The fingerprinting results demonstrate that BMPs that target soil erosion in agricultural fields will result in the greatest reduction in the export of sediment from the watershed. This study also established that adjusting the spatial scale at which suspended sediment samples are collected would provide more detailed information on the location of the sources of sediment (i.e. identify sources at the sub-watershed level) and lead to better targeting of BMPs.
机译：在农业地区确定，制定和实施最佳管理规范（BMP），以及了解流域内沉积物动力学的本质时，都需要有关沉积物来源的信息。研究表明，许多物理和生物地球化学沉积物特性可以用作指纹，以将沉积物追溯到其来源。三组指纹-光谱反射率（颜色），粒子形态（大小和形状）和放射性放射性核素（Cs-137）-用于指纹识别大西洋主要农业流域（14.5 km（2））中的沉积物来源加拿大为期7年。光谱反射率和沉降放射性核素均能成功地区分流域内确定的沉积物来源。相反，基于颗粒形态的指纹不能区分任何沉积物来源。使用包括光谱反射率和放射性核素指纹的复合指纹来估计农业表土（即小溪和小河间侵蚀），农业地下（即河岸和沟壑侵蚀）和林区的相对贡献。沉积物指纹显示，来自农业土地的表层土是流域出口处收集的悬浮沉积物的最大贡献者（77.2％； 95％可信区间（CI95％）[35.5，92.5]）。农业地区内的河岸和沟壑也被认为是重要的沉积物来源（17.4％； CI95％[3.1，46.9]），而林地是流域中次要的沉积物来源（3.2％； CI95％[0.2，18.9]）。 ）。指纹图谱结果表明，针对农田土壤侵蚀的BMP将最大程度地减少流域沉积物的出口。这项研究还确定，调整收集悬浮沉积物样品的空间规模将提供有关沉积物来源位置的更详细信息（即在小流域一级确定来源）并导致更好地确定BMPs。

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  • 来源
    《Canadian Water Resources Journal》 |2018年第3期|347-365|共19页
  • 作者

    Boudreault Monica; Koiter Alexander J.; Lobb David A.; Liu Kui; Benoy Glenn; Owens Philip N.; Danielescu Serban; Li Sheng;

  • 作者单位

    Agr & Agri Food Canada, Fredericton Res & Dev Ctr, Fredericton, NB, Canada;

    Agr & Agri Food Canada, Fredericton Res & Dev Ctr, Fredericton, NB, Canada;

    Univ Manitoba, Dept Soil Sci, Winnipeg, MB, Canada;

    Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lethbridge Res & Dev Ctr, Lethbridge, AB, Canada;

    Univ New Brunswick, Fac Forestry & Environm Management, Fredericton, NB, Canada;

    Univ Northern British Columbia, Environm Sci Program, Prince George, BC, Canada;

    Agr & Agri Food Canada, Fredericton Res & Dev Ctr, Fredericton, NB, Canada;

    Agr & Agri Food Canada, Fredericton Res & Dev Ctr, Fredericton, NB, Canada;

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