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Health effects of flooding in Canada: A 2015 review and description of gaps in research

机译：加拿大洪水对健康的影响：2015年回顾和研究空白描述

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摘要

Worldwide, floods are the most common natural disaster and produce a broad array of health impacts. In Canada, it is difficult to quantify all of the health impacts associated with flooding. This data gap is salient because of the increasing risks floods are posing to society as a result of climate change. This paper reviews the epidemiological evidence of flood-related health effects, and the Canadian susceptibility to these effects. The health impacts from flooding range from mortality, drowning and other injuries to hypothermia, mental health impacts, deterioration of elderly/patients who required emergency transportation, homelessness and transmission of contagious diseases and others. The Canadian population includes a range of socio-economic levels, demographics and pre-existing illness. Additionally, many Canadians live and work in flood plains or on shorelines where floods are a hazard. There is, therefore, variable susceptibility to flood events in the population. Susceptibility to these health impacts can be buffered by the population's adaptive capacity and external support. To ensure the safety and health of the Canadian population, government and non-profit organizations can decrease the burden of flooding by increasing adaptive capacity, emergency response and a focus on preventative measures. Vulnerable populations who require extra support to avoid negative health impacts from flooding, such as First Nations populations, need further attention. Recommendations are offered for addressing the health-related effects of flooding.
机译：在世界范围内，洪水是最常见的自然灾害，对健康产生广泛影响。在加拿大，很难量化与洪水有关的所有健康影响。由于气候变化导致洪水给社会带来的风险越来越大，因此这一数据缺口非常明显。本文回顾了与洪水有关的健康影响的流行病学证据，以及加拿大对这些影响的敏感性。洪水对健康的影响范围从死亡率，溺水和其他伤害到体温过低，精神健康影响，需要紧急运输的老年人/患者的病情恶化，无家可归和传染性疾病的传播等。加拿大人口包括一系列社会经济水平，人口统计资料和既往疾病。此外，许多加拿大人在洪水泛滥或洪水泛滥的海岸线上生活和工作。因此，人口中洪灾的易感性各不相同。人口的适应能力和外部支持可以减轻对这些健康影响的敏感性。为了确保加拿大人口的安全和健康，政府和非营利组织可以通过提高适应能力，应急响应和注重预防措施来减轻洪水的负担。需要额外支持以避免洪水造成的负面健康影响的脆弱人群，例如原住民，需要进一步关注。提供了一些建议来解决洪水对健康的影响。

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  • 来源
    《Canadian Water Resources Journal》 |2016年第2期|238-249|共12页
  • 作者

    Burton Hilary; Rabito Felicia; Danielson Lisa; Takaro Tim K.;

  • 作者单位

    Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada;

    Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Epidemiol, New Orleans, LA USA;

    Simon Fraser Univ, Sch Publ Policy, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada;

    Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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