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首页> 外文期刊>Cell and Tissue Research >The VD1/RPD2 α1-neuropeptide is highly expressed in the brain of cephalopod mollusks
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The VD1/RPD2 α1-neuropeptide is highly expressed in the brain of cephalopod mollusks

机译:VD 1 / RPD 2 α1-神经肽在头足类软体动物的脑中高表达

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摘要

In certain gastropod mollusks, the central neurons VD1 and RPD2 express a distinct peptide, the so-called VD1/RPD2 α1-neuropeptide. In order to test whether this peptide is also present in the complex cephalopod central nervous system (CNS), we investigated several octopod and squid species. In the adult decapod squid Idiosepius notoides the α1-neuropeptide is expressed throughout the CNS, with the exception of the vertical lobe and the superior and inferior frontal lobes, by very few immunoreactive elements. Immunoreactive cell somata are particularly abundant in brain lobes and associated organs unique to cephalopods such as the subvertical, optic, peduncle, and olfactory lobes. The posterior basal lobes house another large group of immunoreactive cell somata. In the decapod Idiosepius notoides, the α1-neuropeptide is first expressed in the olfactory organ, while in the octopod Octopus vulgaris it is first detected in the olfactory lobe. In prehatchlings of the sepiolid Euprymna scolopes as well as the squids Sepioteuthis australis and Loligo vulgaris, the α1-neuropeptide is expressed in the periesophageal and posterior subesophageal mass. Prehatchlings of L. vulgaris express the α1-neuropeptide in wide parts of the CNS, including the vertical lobe. α1-neuropeptide expression in the developing CNS does not appear to be evolutionarily conserved across various cephalopod taxa investigated. Strong expression in different brain lobes of the adult squid I. notoides and prehatching L. vulgaris suggests a putative role as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in these species; however, electrophysiological evidence is still missing.
机译:在某些腹足类软体动物中,中枢神经元VD 1 和RPD 2 表达不同的肽,即所谓的VD 1 / RPD 2 α1-神经肽。为了测试该肽是否也存在于复杂的头足类中枢神经系统(CNS)中,我们研究了几种章鱼和鱿鱼种类。在成年十足类乌贼Idiosepius notoides中,除垂直叶和额叶上部和下部外,几乎没有免疫反应性元素,整个CNS中均表达α1-神经肽。免疫反应性细胞体细胞瘤在脑叶和头足类独有的相关器官中尤为丰富,例如垂直,视轴,花序梗和嗅叶。基底后叶容纳另一组免疫反应性细胞体。在十足的异形猴中,α1-神经肽首先在嗅觉器官中表达,而在章鱼八达通中,它首先在嗅觉叶中被发现。在乌贼菌乌贼变种的前孵化以及乌贼乌贼菌和寻常的低聚寡核苷酸中,α1-神经肽在食管和食管后肿块中表达。寻常乳杆菌的前孵化在中枢神经系统的大部分区域(包括垂叶)表达α1-神经肽。在正在发育的中枢神经系统中,α1-神经肽的表达在研究的各种头足类群中似乎不是进化保守的。在成年鱿鱼I. notoides和孵化前的L. vulgaris的不同脑叶中都有强表达,表明在这些物种中作为神经递质或神经调节剂发挥了假定作用;但是,电生理学证据仍然缺失。

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