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Cell biology solves mysteries of reproduction

机译：细胞生物学解决了繁殖的奥秘

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摘要

Reproduction and fertility have been objects of keen inquiry since the dawn of humanity. Medieval anatomists provided the first accurate depictions of the female reproductive system, and early microscopists were fascinated by the magnified sight of sperm cells. Initial successes were achieved in the in vitro fertilization of frogs and the artificial insemination of dogs. Gamete and embryo research was in the cradle of modern cell biology, providing the first evidence of the multi-cellular composition of living beings and pointing out the importance of chromosomes for heredity. In the 20th century, reproductive research paved the way for the study of the cytoskeleton, cell signaling, and the cell cycle. In the last three decades, the advent of reproductive cell biology has brought us human in vitro fertilization, animal cloning, and human and animal embryonic stem cells. It has contributed to the development of transgenesis, proteomics, genomics, and epigenetics. This Special Issue represents a sample of the various areas of reproductive biology, with emphasis on molecular and cell biological aspects. Advances in spermatology, ovarian function, fertilization, and maternal-fetal interactions are discussed within the framework of fertility and diseases such as endometriosis and diabetes.
机译：自人类诞生以来，生殖和生育一直是人们研究的热点。中世纪的解剖学家提供了女性生殖系统的第一个准确描述，早期的显微镜学家对精子细胞的放大视野着迷。在青蛙的体外受精和狗的人工授精方面取得了初步的成功。配子和胚胎研究是现代细胞生物学的发源地，它为生物的多细胞组成提供了第一个证据，并指出了染色体对于遗传的重要性。在20世纪，生殖研究为研究细胞骨架，细胞信号传导和细胞周期铺平了道路。在过去的三十年中，生殖细胞生物学的出现为我们带来了人类体外受精，动物克隆以及人类和动物胚胎干细胞。它为转基因，蛋白质组学，基因组学和表观遗传学的发展做出了贡献。本特刊代表了生殖生物学各个领域的样本，重点是分子和细胞生物学方面。在生育能力和诸如子宫内膜异位和糖尿病等疾病的框架内，讨论了精子学，卵巢功能，受精和母婴相互作用方面的进展。

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