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Intestinal epithelial cells and their role in innate mucosal immunity

机译：肠上皮细胞及其在先天黏膜免疫中的作用

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The mucosal surfaces of the respiratory, gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts are covered by a layer of epithelial cells that are responsible for sensing and promoting a host immune response in order to establish the limits not only for commensal microorganisms but also for foreign organisms or particles. This is a remarkable task as the human body represents a composite of about 10 trillion human-self cells plus non-self cells from autochthonous or indigenous microbes that outnumber human cells 10:1. Hence, the homeostasis of epithelial cells that line mucosal surfaces relies on a fine-tuned immune system that patrols the boundaries between human and microbial cells. In the case of the intestine, the epithelial layer is composed of at least six epithelial cell lineages that act as a physiological barrier in addition to aiding digestion and the absorption of nutrients, water and electrolytes. In this review, we highlight the immense role of the intestinal epithelium in coordinating the mucosal innate immune response.
机译：呼吸，胃肠道和泌尿生殖道的粘膜表面被一层上皮细胞覆盖，该上皮细胞负责感知和促进宿主的免疫反应，从而不仅为共生微生物而且为外来生物或颗粒建立极限。这是一项了不起的任务，因为人体代表了约10万亿个人类自身细胞加上来自本地或本地微生物的非自身细胞，其数量超过人类细胞10：1。因此，在粘膜表面排列的上皮细胞的动态平衡依赖于微调的免疫系统，该免疫系统在人与微生物细胞之间的边界巡逻。就肠而言，上皮层由至少六个上皮细胞谱系组成，这些谱系除了帮助消化和吸收营养物，水和电解质外，还充当生理屏障。在这篇综述中，我们强调了肠上皮在协调粘膜固有免疫反应中的巨大作用。

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