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Stem cells and cancer: a deadly mix

机译：干细胞与癌症：致命混合物

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Stem cells and cancer are inextricably linked; the process of carcinogenesis initially affects normal stem cells or their closely related progenitors and then, at some point, neoplastic stem cells are generated that propagate and ultimately maintain the process. Many, if not all, cancers contain a minority population of self-renewing stem cells, “cancer stem cells”, that are entirely responsible for sustaining the tumour and for giving rise to proliferating but progressively differentiating cells that contribute to the cellular heterogeneity typical of many solid tumours. Thus, the bulk of the tumour is often not the clinical problem, and so the identification of cancer stem cells and the factors that regulate their behaviour are likely to have an enormous bearing on the way that we treat neoplastic disease in the future. This review summarises (1) our knowledge of the origins of some cancers from normal stem cells and (2) the evidence for the existence of cancer stem cells; it also illustrates some of the stem cell renewal pathways that are frequently aberrant in cancer and that may represent druggable targets.
机译：干细胞和癌症有着千丝万缕的联系。癌变过程最初会影响正常的干细胞或其密切相关的祖细胞，然后在某些时候会产生赘生性干细胞，它们会扩散并最终维持该过程。许多（如果不是全部）癌症都包含少数自我更新的干细胞，即“癌症干细胞”，这些细胞完全负责维持肿瘤并引起增殖但逐渐分化的细胞，这些细胞导致典型的细胞异质性。许多实体瘤。因此，肿瘤的大部分通常不是临床问题，因此癌症干细胞的鉴定及其调节其行为的因素可能对我们今后治疗肿瘤疾病的方式具有巨大影响。这篇综述总结了（1）我们对某些来自正常干细胞的癌症起源的认识，以及（2）存在癌症干细胞的证据；它也说明了一些在癌症中经常异常的干细胞更新途径，并且可能代表了可治疗的靶标。

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