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The neural stem cell niche

机译:神经干细胞生态位

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The neural stem cell niche defines a zone in which stem cells are retained after embryonic development for the production of new cells of the nervous system. This continual supply of new neurons and glia then provides the postnatal and adult brain with an added capacity for cellular plasticity, albeit one that is restricted to a few specific zones within the brain. Critical to the maintenance of the stem cell niche are microenvironmental cues and cell-cell interactions that act to balance stem cell quiescence with proliferation and to direct neurogenesis versus gliogenesis lineage decisions. Ultimately, based on the location of the niche, stem cells of the adult brain support regeneration in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the olfactory bulb through neuron replacement. Here, we provide a summary of the current understanding of the organization and control mechanisms of the neural stem cell niche.
机译:神经干细胞小生境定义了一个区域,胚胎发育后干细胞会保留在该区域中,以生产神经系统的新细胞。新神经元和神经胶质细胞的持续供应为产后和成年大脑提供了细胞可塑性的增强能力,尽管局限在大脑中的某些特定区域。维持干细胞生态位的关键是微环境提示和细胞间相互作用,其作用是平衡干细胞的静止性与增殖,并指导神经发生与神经胶质发生谱系的决定。最终,基于小生境的位置,成年大脑的干细胞通过神经元置换支持海马齿状回和嗅球中的再生。在这里,我们提供了对神经干细胞小生境的组织和控制机制的当前理解的总结。

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