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首页> 外文期刊>Cell and Tissue Research >Formation of giant spicules in the deep-sea hexactinellid Monorhaphis chuni (Schulze 1904): electron-microscopic and biochemical studies
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Formation of giant spicules in the deep-sea hexactinellid Monorhaphis chuni (Schulze 1904): electron-microscopic and biochemical studies

机译：深海六叶藻Monorhaphis chuni（Schulze 1904）中巨刺的形成：电子显微镜和生化研究

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摘要

The siliceous sponge Monorhaphis chuni (Hexactinellida) synthesizes the largest biosilica structures on earth (3 m). Scanning electron microscopy has shown that these spicules are regularly composed of concentrically arranged lamellae (width: 3–10 μm). Between 400 and 600 lamellae have been counted in one giant basal spicule. An axial canal (diameter: ~2 μm) is located in the center of the spicules; it harbors the axial filament and is surrounded by an axial cylinder (100–150 μm) of electron-dense homogeneous silica. During dissolution of the spicules with hydrofluoric acid, the axial filament is first released followed by the release of a proteinaceous tubule. Two major proteins (150 kDa and 35 kDa) have been visualized, together with a 24-kDa protein that cross-reacts with antibodies against silicatein. The spicules are surrounded by a collagen net, and the existence of a hexactinellidan collagen gene has been demonstrated by cloning it from Aphrocallistes vastus. During the axial growth of the spicules, silicatein or the silicatein-related protein is proposed to become associated with the surface of the spicules and to be finally internalized through the apical opening to associate with the axial filament. Based on the data gathered here, we suggest that, in the Hexactinellida, the growth of the spicules is mediated by silicatein or by a silicatein-related protein, with the orientation of biosilica deposition being controlled by lectin and collagen.
机译：硅质海绵Monorhaphis chuni（Hexactinellida）合成了地球上最大的生物二氧化硅结构（3 m）。扫描电子显微镜显示，这些针状体通常由同心排列的薄片（宽度：3–10μm）组成。在一个巨大的基底针中已经计数了400到600个薄片。轴向中心管（直径：〜2μm）位于针状体的中心；它带有轴向灯丝，周围环绕着轴向圆柱（100–150μm）的电子致密均相二氧化硅。在用氢氟酸溶解针状体的过程中，首先释放轴向细丝，然后释放蛋白质性小管。已经看到了两种主要的蛋白质（150 kDa和35 kDa），以及与抗硅酸盐抗体交叉反应的24 kDa蛋白质。针状体被胶原蛋白网包围，并且通过从巨大芽孢杆菌（Aphrocallistes hugeus）克隆它来证实了十六菌素胶原蛋白基因的存在。提出在针头的轴向生长期间，硅酸盐蛋白或与硅酸盐蛋白相关的蛋白与针头的表面缔合，并最终通过顶端开口内在化以与轴向细丝缔合。根据此处收集的数据，我们建议，在六角形藻中，针状体的生长是由硅酸盐或硅酸盐相关蛋白介导的，而生物二氧化硅沉积的方向则受凝集素和胶原蛋白的控制。

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  • 来源
    《Cell and Tissue Research》 |2007年第2期|363-378|共16页
  • 作者

    Werner E. G. Müller; Carsten Eckert; Klaus Kropf; Xiaohong Wang; Ute Schloßmacher; Christopf Seckert; Stephan E. Wolf; Wolfgang Tremel; Heinz C. Schröder;

  • 作者单位

    Institut für Physiologische Chemie Abteilung Angewandte Molekularbiologie Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 6 55099 Mainz Germany;

    Institut für Physiologische Chemie Abteilung Angewandte Molekularbiologie Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 6 55099 Mainz Germany;

    Institut für Physiologische Chemie Abteilung Angewandte Molekularbiologie Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 6 55099 Mainz Germany;

    National Research Center for Geoanalysis 26 Baiwanzhuang Dajie 100037 Beijing China;

    Institut für Physiologische Chemie Abteilung Angewandte Molekularbiologie Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 6 55099 Mainz Germany;

    Institut für Physiologische Chemie Abteilung Angewandte Molekularbiologie Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 6 55099 Mainz Germany;

    Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55099 Mainz Germany;

    Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55099 Mainz Germany;

    Institut für Physiologische Chemie Abteilung Angewandte Molekularbiologie Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 6 55099 Mainz Germany;

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  • 关键词

    Spicules; Silica formation; Silicatein-related protein; Hexactinellida; Monorhaphis chuni (Porifera);

    机译：螺旋;二氧化硅的形成;硅连接蛋白相关蛋白;己糖半乳糖;Ch。Monorhaphis chuni（Porifera）;

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