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MODELLING OF THE PRESSING PROCESS IN GLASS STEMWARE PRODUCTION: STRESS IN GLASS

机译：玻璃制品生产中的压力过程建模：玻璃中的应力

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摘要

Critical stresses in glass created during and after pressing process are one of the concepts explaining glass damage in stemware production. Applicability of stress calculation in glass is investigated in real production process simulation with two main objectives: (i) to find critical product locations with high tensile stresses and (ii) to correlate them with responsible process steps. Simple thermo-elastic glass model without relaxation was adopted in a finite element method (FEM) computation on a 16-position carrousel system. Process simulation was finished before theproduct achieved annealing lehr. High tensile stresses were identified on theproduct bottom edge, where the glass touches the transport belt or the neighbouring product. This finding was in a very good correlation with observed defect called "cracked bottom" starting on the bottom edge already before entering annealing process. The presented modelling approach can be used for heat transfer optimisation during pressing and post pressing processes on the carrousel.
机译：在压制过程中和压制过程中产生的玻璃临界应力是解释高脚杯生产中玻璃损坏的概念之一。在实际生产过程仿真中研究了应力计算在玻璃中的适用性，主要有两个目标：（i）查找具有高拉应力的关键产品位置，以及（ii）将它们与负责的工艺步骤相关联。在16位旋转木马系统上的有限元方法（FEM）计算中采用了没有松弛的简单热弹性玻璃模型。在产品达到退火炉之前完成工艺模拟。在产品底部边缘上发现高拉应力，玻璃接触运输带或邻近产品。这一发现与观察到的被称为“裂纹底部”的缺陷非常好相关，该缺陷始于进入退火工艺之前从底部边缘开始。所提出的建模方法可用于在转盘上的压制和压制后的过程中优化传热。

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