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首页> 外文期刊>Chelonian conservation and biology >Reproductive Biology of Atlantic Leatherback Sea Turtles at Sandy Point, St. Croix: The First 30 Years
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Reproductive Biology of Atlantic Leatherback Sea Turtles at Sandy Point, St. Croix: The First 30 Years

机译：圣克鲁斯桑迪角的大西洋棱皮海龟的生殖生物学：前30年

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The nesting population of leatherback sea turtles at the Sandy Point National Wildlife Refuge (SPNWR), Sandy Point, St. Croix, US Virgin Islands, has been comprehensively studied since 1981. Nesting and hatching data are reported here for the first 30 yrs of the research and conservation project. Because of intense nest relocation and conservation efforts, the population initially showed a steady increase in numbers, with the most dramatic rise occurring between 1997 and 2001. In spite of continued efforts, however, this recovery began to stall in the decade from 2000 to 2010. Analysis of nesting data, including specific reproductive parameters such as recruitment rate, remigration interval, and productivity (number of nests laid, hatching success) during this time frame, in conjunction with historical data, provided an opportunity to assess the contribution of these factors to the population dynamics at Sandy Point. Annual reproductive data demonstrated that regardless of overall nesting numbers, odd years consistently exhibited higher nesting numbers (115.6 +/- 18.58) than even years (68.4 +/- 7.63) (p < 0.01). The average annual remigration interval increased over the study period with a record high of 3.41 +/- 0.18 yrs observed in 2008. A steady decline in average nests laid was observed (R-2 = 0.84) between 1992 and 2010, with a record low of 3.60 +/- 2.16 nests per turtle in 2010. Hatching success varied over the 30-yr period from a project low of 40.28% +/- 23.20% in 2005 to a record high of 67.80% +/- 20.31% in 1991. Mean overall hatching success for the first 30 yrs of the project was 58.50% +/- 7.75%. Hatching success declined over the course of the project, and the number of hatchlings produced per turtle declined in the 2000s. These factors contributed to a decrease in population productivity and may ultimately have inhibited continued population growth. Over the study period, a stable percentage of remigrants continued to nest at Sandy Point. However, a decreased number and percentage of neophytes was observed, suggesting either a delayed or a decreased recruitment, possibly due to increased age to sexual maturity, an increased mortality of early life stages, or a change in food resources at foraging grounds. These results suggest a population that has slowed growth and that may begin to decline in the future. Further research needs to be conducted to understand possible maternal, physiological, and environmental factors that are impacting these reproductive parameters and, ultimately, affecting the population dynamics at SPNWR.
机译：自1981年以来，已经对位于美属维尔京群岛圣克鲁斯桑迪角的桑迪角国家野生动物保护区（SPNWR）的棱皮海龟的筑巢种群进行了全面研究。此处报道了该岛头30年的筑巢和孵化数据。研究和保护项目。由于密集的巢穴搬迁和保护工作，人口最初呈稳定增长趋势，最急剧的增长发生在1997年至2001年之间。然而，尽管不断努力，但这种恢复在2000年至2010年的十年间开始停滞。在这段时间内，结合历史数据，对嵌套数据进行分析，包括特定的繁殖参数，如募集率，迁徙间隔和生产力（已筑巢的数量，孵化成功率），为评估这些因素的贡献提供了机会桑迪角的人口动态。年度生殖数据表明，无论总的筑巢数如何，奇数年始终显示出更高的筑巢数（115.6 +/- 18.58），甚至高于偶数年（68.4 +/- 7.63）（p <0.01）。在研究期内，平均年移居间隔增加，在2008年观察到创纪录的3.41 +/- 0.18年。在1992年至2010年期间，观察到平均筑巢数稳步下降（R-2 = 0.84），创下历史新低。在2010年每只海龟的巢数为3.60 +/- 2.16个。在过去30年中，孵化成功率有所不同，从2005年的项目低点40.28％+/- 23.20％到创纪录的高点1991年的67.80％+/- 20.31％。该项目的前30年平均孵化成功率为58.50％+/- 7.75％。在整个项目过程中，孵化成功率下降，在2000年代，每只海龟生产的孵化数量下降。这些因素导致人口生产率下降，并可能最终抑制了人口的持续增长。在研究期间，稳定百分比的移民继续在桑迪角（Sandy Point）筑巢。但是，观察到新生植物的数量和百分比减少，这表明推迟或减少了新生，这可能是由于性成熟年龄的增加，生命早期阶段死亡率的增加或觅食地食物资源的变化。这些结果表明，人口增长放缓，未来可能开始下降。需要进行进一步的研究，以了解可能影响这些生殖参数并最终影响SPNWR种群动态的母亲，生理和环境因素。

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