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首页> 外文期刊>Chelonian conservation and biology >Hatching Success and Predation of Bog Turtle (Glyptemys muhlenbergii) Eggs in New Jersey and Pennsylvania
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Hatching Success and Predation of Bog Turtle (Glyptemys muhlenbergii) Eggs in New Jersey and Pennsylvania

机译：在新泽西州和宾夕法尼亚州孵化的乌龟卵（Glyptemys muhlenbergii）成功和被捕食

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摘要

Nest-site selection by most turtles affects the survival of females and their offspring. Although bog turtles (Glyptemys muhlenbergii) do not typically leave their wetlands for nesting, nest-site selection can impact hatching success and hatchling survival. Between 1974 and 2012, we monitored the fates of 258 bog turtle eggs incubated in the field and 91 eggs incubated under laboratory conditions from 11 different bogs, fens, or wetland complexes in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Laboratory-incubated eggs exhibited the greatest hatching success (81%), but we did not detect a significant difference in hatching success between nests protected with predator excluder cages (43%) and unprotected nests (33%). However, we found significantly lower predation rates in protected nests, suggesting that while predator excluder cages successfully reduced predation, other environmental factors persisted to reduce egg survival in the field. Natural hatching success was potentially reduced by poor weather conditions, which may have resulted in embryo developmental problems, dehydration, or embryos drowning in the egg. Our results suggest that egg depredation, coupled with embryo developmental problems and infertility, are limiting factors to hatching success in our study populations. Using predator excluder cages to protect bog turtle eggs in the field, or incubating eggs in the laboratory and releasing hatchlings at original nesting areas, may be an effective conservation tool for recovering populations of this federally threatened species.
机译：大多数海龟选择巢穴会影响雌性及其后代的生存。尽管沼泽龟（Glyptemys muhlenbergii）通常不会离开湿地进行筑巢，但筑巢地点的选择会影响孵化的成功率和孵化率。在1974年至2012年之间，我们监测了田间孵化的258个沼泽龟卵的命运以及在实验室条件下从新泽西州和宾夕法尼亚州的11种不同沼泽，bo或湿地复合体中孵化的91个卵的命运。实验室孵化的卵表现出最大的孵化成功率（81％），但是我们没有发现在被捕食者排斥笼保护的巢中（43％）和未保护的巢（33％）之间的孵化成功率没有显着差异。但是，我们发现受保护的巢中的捕食率显着降低，这表明尽管捕食者排除笼成功地减少了捕食，但其他环境因素仍然会降低田间卵的存活率。自然的孵化成功可能由于恶劣的天气条件而降低，这可能导致胚胎发育问题，脱水或淹没在卵中的胚胎。我们的结果表明，在我们的研究人群中，卵的剥夺以及胚胎发育问题和不育症是限制孵化成功的限制因素。使用捕食者排除笼在野外保护沼泽龟卵，或在实验室中孵化卵并在原始的筑巢区释放幼体，可能是恢复这种受到联邦威胁物种的种群的有效保护工具。

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