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首页> 外文期刊>Chelonian conservation and biology >The Sea Turtle Rookery at Gnaraloo Bay, Western Australia: Using Nocturnal Observations to Validate Diurnal Track Interpretations
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The Sea Turtle Rookery at Gnaraloo Bay, Western Australia: Using Nocturnal Observations to Validate Diurnal Track Interpretations

机译：西澳大利亚州加纳洛鲁湾的海龟群：使用夜间观测来验证昼夜径迹解释

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Critical gaps remain in our understanding of many sea turtle nesting aggregations in remote or undeveloped regions. Here, we summarize the first 8 yrs of systematic monitoring of the rookery at Gnaraloo Bay, Western Australia. Diurnal track surveys on this approximately 7-km mainland beach were conducted daily during nesting seasons 2008/09 to 2015/16. The total number of emergences (i.e., nests and failed nesting attempts) recorded per season ranged from 480 to 813 (mean = 679.0, SE = 49.1), whereas the number of nests ranged from 305 to 522 (mean = 376.0, SE = 26.7). Peak nesting activity occurred between mid-December and late January, with approximately 70 emergences and 35 nests recorded on average per week during this time. The majority (97%) of emergences and nests were from loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta), whereas the remainder (3%) were from green turtles (Chelonia mydas). The number of loggerhead turtle emergences recorded per season declined significantly over the course of the study, wheras the number of nests did not, although we suspect that nest detection errors contributed to the difference between trends. We conducted nocturnal surveys (i.e., direct observations) during parts of seasons 2010/11 to 2015/16 to validate diurnal track interpretations and assess potential biases in the diurnal data set. Diurnal nest counts for loggerhead turtles were underestimates in all seasons but one, with an average nest detection bias of -13.0% (SE = 3.0). After accounting for this bias, we estimate that approximately 405 nests are dug by 85 female loggerhead turtles in the Gnaraloo Bay survey area annually. A similar or slightly lower amount of loggerhead turtle nesting activity occurs at the Cape Farquhar survey area, also located on the Gnaraloo coast; thus, this region contains previously underreported nesting aggregations of this species. The Gnaraloo rookeries may play an important role in the dynamics of the southeast Indian Ocean loggerhead turtle subpopulation and may still be depleted relative to historic levels due to historical predation by introduced foxes. Monitoring, research, and the protection of Gnaraloo beaches are, therefore, critical at this juncture.
机译：在我们对偏远或不发达地区的许多海龟筑巢聚集体的理解中，关键的差距仍然存在。在这里，我们总结了对西澳大利亚州Gnaraloo湾群的前8年的系统监视。在2008/09到2015/16的筑巢季节，每天对这片约7公里的内陆海滩进行每日跟踪调查。每个季节记录的涌现总数（即巢和失败的筑巢尝试）范围为480至813（平均值= 679.0，SE = 49.1），而巢的数量范围为305至522（平均值= 376.0，SE = 26.7） ）。筑巢活动高峰发生在12月中旬至1月下旬之间，这段时间平均每周记录约70处出苗和35筑巢。大部分（97％）的出苗和产巢来自于龟（Caretta caretta），而其余的（3％）则来自绿海龟（Chelonia mydas）。在整个研究过程中，每个季节记录的龟出没数量明显减少，而巢数没有减少，尽管我们怀疑巢穴检测错误是造成趋势差异的原因。我们在2010/11到2015/16的部分季节进行了夜间调查（即直接观测），以验证昼夜径迹解释并评估昼夜数据集中的潜在偏差。在所有季节中，龟的昼夜巢计数都被低估了，只有一个季节，平均巢检偏差为-13.0％（SE = 3.0）。考虑到这种偏见后，我们估计每年在Gnaraloo湾调查区域内，约有405个巢穴被85只雌性logger龟挖出。在同样位于纳拉鲁海岸的法古哈尔角调查区，发生了数量相近或略低的生活。因此，该区域包含先前未报告的该物种的巢状聚集体。 Gnaraloo种群可能在印度洋东南部海龟亚种群的动态中发挥重要作用，并且由于引进的狐狸的历史掠夺性而相对于历史水平仍处于枯竭状态。因此，在此时刻，监视，研究和保护Gnaraloo海滩至关重要。

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