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首页> 外文期刊>Chelonian conservation and biology >Gopher Tortoise (Gophems polyphemus) Burrow Densities in Scrub and Flatwoods Habitats of Peninsular Florida
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Gopher Tortoise (Gophems polyphemus) Burrow Densities in Scrub and Flatwoods Habitats of Peninsular Florida

机译：佛罗里达半岛灌木丛和扁木生境中的地鼠龟（Gophems polyphemus）洞穴密度

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Gopher tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus) occur in a variety of habitats, but are primarily associated with sandhill communities. In peninsular Florida, however, mesic flatwoods make up the largest area of habitat, and scrub often replaces sandhill on inland ridges. Tortoise ecology is poorly understood in these habitats and few data are available to guide management. We surveyed tortoise burrows and assessed vegetation in scrub, flatwoods, and pine plantations on flatwoods soils at Avon Park Air Force Range in south-central Florida. Densities of noncollapsed burrows in scrub (1.93/ha) and flatwoods/plantations (1.42/ha) were generally lower than is typical for sandhill (3.25-9.95/ha), although total abundance was high (>20,000) because of the large habitat area. In scrub, low burrow densities may be due to low abundance of food plants. Nonetheless, the burrow density in scrub was significantly higher than in flatwoods/plantations, where food was abundant but soils were poorly drained and burrows were often flooded. The percentage of collapsed burrows was significantly higher in scrub (53%) than in flatwoods/ plantations (35%), although a higher percentage of the remaining (noncollapsed) burrows were active in scrub (23%) than in flatwoods/plantations (16%). These patterns (and data from a subsequent radiotelemetry study) suggest that tortoises in scrub maintain strong fidelity to individual burrows, and frequently abandon others, whereas tortoises in flatwoods share burrows and move among them regularly, but rarely abandon them. This sharing and continual reuse of available burrows suggests a possible limitation on suitable conditions for burrow construction in flatwoods, probably related to the high water table. We suggest that scrub and flatwoods may constitute suboptimal habitats for gopher tortoises, due to low abundance of food in scrub and poorly drained soils in flatwoods. Nonetheless, large numbers of tortoises may occupy scrub and flatwoods, necessitating better understanding of their ecology in these habitats.
机译：地鼠陆龟（Gopherus polyphemus）发生在多种栖息地中，但主要与沙丘群落有关。然而，在佛罗里达州的半岛上，中型扁木构成了最大的栖息地，而灌木丛通常取代了内陆山脊上的沙丘。在这些栖息地中，乌龟的生态学知之甚少，很少有数据可以指导管理。我们调查了佛罗里达州中南部Avon Park空军靶场的乌龟洞穴，并评估了灌木丛，扁平木和扁平木土壤上的松树人工林的植被。灌木丛（1.93 /公顷）和扁木/人工林（1.42 /公顷）中未塌陷的洞穴的密度通常低于沙丘（3.25-9.95 /公顷），尽管由于栖息地大，总丰度很高（> 20,000）区域。在灌木丛中，较低的洞穴密度可能是由于食用植物的丰度较低。但是，灌木丛中的洞穴密度显着高于扁平木/人工林，后者的食物丰富，但土壤排水不畅，并且洞穴经常被洪水淹没。灌木丛中塌陷的洞穴的百分比（53％）显着高于扁木/人工林（35％），尽管灌木丛中活跃的其余（未塌陷）洞穴的百分比（23％）比扁木/人工林更高（16 ％）。这些模式（以及来自随后的无线电遥测研究的数据）表明，灌木丛中的乌龟对单个洞穴保持强烈的保真度，并经常抛弃其他洞穴，而扁木中的陆龟则共享洞穴并定期在它们之间移动，但很少放弃它们。可用洞穴的这种共享和不断重复使用表明，对于扁木中适合进行洞穴建设的条件可能存在限制，可能与高地下水位有关。我们建议，由于灌木丛中食物丰富度低且平板树林排水不畅，灌木和扁木可能构成地鼠龟的次佳栖息地。但是，大量的乌龟可能会占据灌木丛和扁木，因此有必要更好地了解这些生境中的生态。

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