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首页> 外文期刊>Chemosphere >Polystyrene nanoplastic exposure induces immobilization, reproduction, and stress defense in the freshwater cladoceran Daphnia pulex
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Polystyrene nanoplastic exposure induces immobilization, reproduction, and stress defense in the freshwater cladoceran Daphnia pulex

机译：聚苯乙烯纳米塑料的暴露诱导淡水笼形水蚤（Daphnia pulex）的固定，繁殖和胁迫防御

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The widespread occurrence and accumulation of plastic waste have been globally recognized as a critical issue. However, there is limited information on the adverse effects of nanoplastics on freshwater invertebrates. In this study, the effects of a polystyrene nanoplastic on physiological changes (e.g., survival, growth, and reproduction) and expression levels of stress defense genes (oxidative stress-mediated and heat shock proteins) in the freshwater flea Daphnia pulex were measured. The results showed that the digestive organs of D. pulex were strongly fluorescent after exposure to the nanoplastic particles, and the 48-h median lethal concentration (LC 50) of the nanoplastic was determined to be 76.69 mg/L. In the 21-day chronic toxicity test, dose- and time-dependent relationships were observed for body length, and the time to first eggs was significantly prolonged in the 0.5 and 1 mg/L groups. The time to clutch was delayed, and total offspring per female and number of clutches were decreased in all the treatment groups. In addition, the offspring per clutch were significantly decreased in the 0.1 mg/L group. As the nanoplastic concentration increased, expression of stress defense genes (SOD, GST, GPx, and CAT) was first induced and then inhibited. The gene expressions of heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90) were induced in all the treatment groups. Our results suggest that nanoplastics can be ingested by the freshwater cladoceran D. pulex and affect its growth and reproduction as well as induce stress defense. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：塑料废料的广泛发生和积累已被全球公认是一个关键问题。但是，关于纳米塑料对淡水无脊椎动物的不利影响的信息有限。在这项研究中，测量了聚苯乙烯纳米塑料对淡水蚤蚤的生理变化（例如，生存，生长和繁殖）和胁迫防御基因（氧化应激介导的和热激蛋白）表达水平的影响。结果表明，D。pulex的消化器官在暴露于纳米塑料颗粒后会发出强烈的荧光，纳米塑料的48小时平均致死浓度（LC 50）被确定为76.69 mg / L。在为期21天的慢性毒性试验中，观察到了体长与剂量和时间的关系，在0.5和1 mg / L组中，首次产卵的时间显着延长。抓紧时间被延迟，在所有治疗组中，每只雌性的后代总数和抓紧器数量均减少。此外，在0.1 mg / L组中，每个离合器的后代显着减少。随着纳米塑料浓度的增加，首先诱导然后抑制了胁迫防御基因（SOD，GST，GPx和CAT）的表达。在所有治疗组中均诱导了热休克蛋白（HSP70和HSP90）的基因表达。我们的研究结果表明，纳米塑料可被淡水螯虾D. pulex摄入，并影响其生长和繁殖以及诱导胁迫防御。 （C）2018 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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