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Comparison of the characteristics of extracellular polymeric substances for two different extraction methods and sludge formation conditions

机译：两种不同提取方法和污泥形成条件下细胞外聚合物的特性比较

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摘要

The characteristics of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) were compared for two different extraction methods and dissimilar sludge formation conditions (aerobic versus anaerobic). The measured characteristics included specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) values, fluorescence excitation-emission matrices, molecular weight distributions, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, and the binding affinities for pyrene and Hg(Ⅱ). The analyses demonstrated that the EPS extracted using cation exchange resin (CER) were composed of more aromatic and more condensed structures with higher molecular weight than those using formaldehyde/NaOH. The FT-IR results further revealed that the EPS using CER contained relatively lower content of protein to carbohydrate and less acidic functional groups (i.e., -COOH or -OH groups). The observed differences between the two extraction methods were more pronounced for the EPS of anaerobic sludge compared to those of aerobic sludge. The extent of pyrene binding and the apparent stability constants for Hg(Ⅱ) were very consistent with the implications from the previous EPS physicochemical characteristics. The highest extent of pyrene binding was observed for the EPS of anaerobic sludge using CER while no measurable Hg(Ⅱ) stability constant was found for the same EPS sample. Our results demonstrated that the EPS characteristics including their binding affinities are likely strongly affected by the sludge formation conditions as well as the extraction methods although the latter produced more differences.
机译：比较了两种不同提取方法和不同污泥形成条件（好氧与厌氧）的细胞外聚合物（EPS）的特征。所测得的特征包括比紫外吸收率（SUVA）值，荧光激发发射矩阵，分子量分布，傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）以及and与Hg（Ⅱ）的结合亲和力。分析表明，与使用甲醛/ NaOH相比，使用阳离子交换树脂（CER）提取的EPS由更多的芳族化合物和更稠密的结构组成，分子量更高。 FT-IR结果进一步表明，使用CER的EPS包含相对于碳水化合物而言较低的蛋白质含量和较少的酸性官能团（即-COOH或-OH基团）。与好氧污泥相比，两种提取方法之间的差异对于厌氧污泥的EPS更为明显。 g的结合程度和Hg（Ⅱ）的表观稳定常数与以前的EPS理化特性的含义非常吻合。使用CER观察到厌氧污泥的EPS中binding的结合程度最高，而同一EPS样品中没有可测的Hg（Ⅱ）稳定常数。我们的结果表明，污泥形成条件和萃取方法可能会极大地影响EPS特性（包括其结合亲和力），尽管后者会产生更多差异。

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