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首页> 外文期刊>Chemosphere >The last straw: Characterization of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in commercially-available plant-based drinking straws
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The last straw: Characterization of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in commercially-available plant-based drinking straws

机译：最后一根稻草：市售植物型吸管中的每氟氟烷基物质的表征

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摘要

Paper and other plant-based drinking straws are replacing plastic straws in commercial settings in response to trending plastic straw bans and the larger global movement for reducing plastic pollution. The water-resistant properties of many plant-based straws, however, may be attributed to the use of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) during manufacturing. In this study, 43 brands of straws (5 plastic, 29 paper, 9 other plant-based) were analyzed for the presence of 53 semi-volatile PFAS using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. While the plastic straws had no measurable PFAS, 21 PFAS were detected in the paper and other plant-based straws, with total mean PFAS concentrations (triplicate analysis) ranging from 0.043 +/- 0.004 ng/straw to 29.1 +/- 1.66 ng/straw (median = 0.554 ng/straw). Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) were the most frequently detected species. In a follow-up experiment, the brand with the highest PFAS levels and most diversity was tested for leaching in water at initial temperatures of 4 degrees C, 20 degrees C, and 90 degrees C. Approximately 2/3 of the total extractable PFAS leached compared to the initial methanol extraction. Semi-volatile PFAS concentrations measured in this study may be the result of manufacturing impurities or contamination, as PFAS approved for food-contact use are, typically, polymeric species. The presence of PFAS in plant-based drinking straws demonstrates that they are not fully biodegradable, contributing to the direct human ingestion of PFAS and to the cycle of PFAS between waste streams and the environment. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：纸和其他植物为基础的吸管以响应趋势塑料吸管禁令和减少塑料污染的更大的全球移动替代在商业环境中塑料吸管。许多基于植物的吸管的耐水性能，然而，也可以在制造过程中归因于使用的per-和多氟烷基的物质（PFAS）。在这项研究中，43个品牌吸管（5塑料，纸29，9其他基于植物的）进行了分析的采用超高效液相色谱 - 串联质谱53半挥发性PFAS的存在。虽然塑料吸管没有可测量的PFAS，21 PFAS在纸张和其他基于植物的吸管进行检测，以总平均PFAS浓度（一式三份分析）范围为0.043 +/- 0.004纳克/吸管29.1 +/- 1.66纳克/吸管（中值= 0.554纳克/吸管）。 Perfluorobutanoic酸（PFBA），全氟辛酸（PFOA）和全氟己酸（PFHxA）是最频繁检测到的物种。在后续的实验中，品牌具有最高PFAS水平和最多样性在4度的初始温度下在水中沥滤，20℃进行测试，90度C.沥出的总的可提取的PFAS约2/3相对于初始甲醇萃取。在该研究中测量的半挥发性PFAS浓度可以的制造杂质或污染的结果，如PFAS批准用于食品接触用途是，典型地，聚合的物种。疫区的植物基吸管的存在表明，他们不是完全生物降解，有利于非疫区直接人类摄取和PFAS的废物流与环境之间的恶性循环。 （c）2021 elestvier有限公司保留所有权利。

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