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Spiral rainband in a numerically simulated tropical cyclone

机译：数值模拟热带气旋中的螺旋雨带

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摘要

Spiral rainband is a prominent structure of tropical cyclone. Though its forming mechanism, vortex JRossby wave theory, has been widely accepted in recent years, its internal structural features are still not well known. The spiral rainband in the severe tropical storm Kammuri (2002), which caused heavy rainfall in southeast China, is simulated using the mesoscale model MM5 (V3). Besults show that the simulated spiral rainband propagates azimuthally at a speed close to that of vortex Rossby wave in theory, and is accompanied with energy dispersion in the radial direction. The structural features of simulated spiral rainband are analyzed with the high-resolution model output including the fall physical process. Positive vorticity, ascending motion, horizontal momentum and so on are highly concentrated in the spiral rainband. The convergent moisture of spiral rainband comes mostly from the planetary boundary layer under 1 km. Airflow from the outside of spiral rainband is convective instability, which can provide instability energy for convection development. However, the atmospheric stratification in the inside of spiral rainband is neutral, implying that the instability energy has been released. There is a mesoscale strong wind band just near the spiral rainband1 in the outer side with a maximum wind speed exceeding 30 m/s, which results from the pressure force acceleration wheE the air flows into the spiral rainband along the gradient of pressure.
机译：螺旋雨带是热带气旋的重要结构。尽管其形成机理，即涡旋JRossby波理论，近年来已被广泛接受，但其内部结构特征仍不为人所知。使用中尺度模型MM5（V3）模拟了严重的热带风暴Kammuri（2002）中的螺旋形雨带，该螺旋形雨带在中国东南部造成了大雨。结果表明，模拟的螺旋雨带在理论上以接近涡旋罗斯比波的速度沿方位角传播，并伴有沿径向的能量色散。利用高分辨率模型输出（包括秋季物理过程）分析了模拟螺旋雨带的结构特征。正涡度，上升运动，水平动量等高度集中在螺旋雨带中。螺旋形雨带的收敛水分主要来自1 km以下的行星边界层。螺旋雨带外部的气流是对流不稳定性，可以为对流发展提供不稳定能量。但是，螺旋状雨带内部的大气分层是中性的，这意味着不稳定能量已经释放。在外侧的螺旋雨带1附近有一个中等规模的强风带，最大风速超过30 m / s，这是由于压力加速而产生的，空气沿压力梯度流入螺旋雨带。

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