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(Turning Rust into Gold?) Hamilton, Ontario and a Canadian perspective of shrinking and declining cities

机译:(将锈变成黄金?)安大略省汉密尔顿和加拿大城市萎缩和衰退的观点

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摘要

Hamilton, Ontario, like many cities heavily dependent on manufacturing in the 20th century, experienced de-industrialization and associated change in its economic and employment fortunes, as well as comparative weakened fiscal strength. In contrast to cities in the United States though, Hamilton's population kept growing, at least slowly, and its unemployment rate never skyrocketed, even though the proportion of the population earning middle- to high-incomes declined for a time. In urban scholarship, dramatic population loss has attracted researchers to study shrinking cities, however population change fails to tell the entire story of the possible fates of rust-belt cities that also requires the analysis of economic changes. Our aim is to identify Hamilton's challenges and characteristics followed by how current political, financial and regional circumstances shape the city's development and create different circumstances for post-industrial cities. We review this using Hamilton's census data since 1951 and fiscal data, development projects, and interviews with local public officials and private business reveals the significant impact the post-industrial era and the Canadian perspective. Our findings suggest that despite differences between shrinking characteristics in Canadian and US cities, Canadian cities should receive more attention and offer a different perspective on the "rust-belt" literature.
机译:像许多在20世纪高度依赖制造业的城市一样,安大略省汉密尔顿市经历了去工业化以及其经济和就业状况的变化,以及相对较弱的财政实力。与美国的城市相比,汉密尔顿的人口至少持续缓慢地增长,失业率从未飙升,即使中高收入人群的比例下降了一段时间。在城市奖学金方面,急剧的人口流失吸引了研究人员研究萎缩的城市,但是人口变化并不能说明生锈带城市的可能命运,这也需要对经济变化进行分析。我们的目标是确定汉密尔顿(Hamilton)面临的挑战和特征,以及当前的政治,金融和地区环境如何塑造城市发展并为后工业城市创造不同的环境。我们使用1951年以来汉密尔顿的人口普查数据对此进行回顾,并通过财政数据,发展项目以及对当地公职人员和私营企业的采访揭示了后工业时代和加拿大视角的重大影响。我们的研究结果表明,尽管加拿大和美国城市的收缩特征有所不同,但加拿大城市应该受到更多关注,并对“防锈带”文献提供不同的看法。

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