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City profile: Wenzhou - A model city of transitional China

机译：城市概况：温州-中国转型城市的典范

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摘要

As the birthplace of China's private economy, Wenzhou is known as one of the three model cities of post-reform China, along with Suzhou and Dongguan. Wenzhou has experienced rapid development and is often taken as a paradigmatic case for the privatization and entrepreneurialization of urban China against the context of market-oriented reform and open-door experiments. Wenzhou has undergone a major social, economic, and spatial restructuring over the past four decades. In the last several years, however, Wenzhou has faced a number of challenges associated with slowing economic growth, difficulty in industrial upgrading, and decreasing attractiveness to highly-qualified employees and high-tech enterprises. This paper profiles the historical development of Wenzhou, particularly with regard to the aspects of economic and spatial restructuring, to interrogate the modality of its recent development and to seek answers to current dilemma. From a historical and cultural perspective, we argue that the key drivers underlying Wenzhou's development have been the bottom-up local initiatives and family-run enterprises, rather than top-down state promotion. In this vein, this study offers further understandings of urbanization against various contexts, in particular the state-oriented urbanization in China.
机译：作为中国民营经济的发源地，温州与苏州和东莞一起被誉为改革后中国的三个典范城市之一。温州经历了快速的发展，在市场化改革和开放试验的背景下，温州经常被视为中国城市私有化和企业化的典范案例。在过去的四十年中，温州经历了重大的社会，经济和空间结构调整。然而，在过去的几年中，温州面临着与经济增长放缓，产业升级困难以及对高素质员工和高科技企业的吸引力下降有关的诸多挑战。本文概述了温州的历史发展，特别是在经济和空间结构调整方面，以询问温州最近的发展方式并寻求当前困境的答案。从历史和文化的角度来看，我们认为温州发展的主要推动力是自下而上的地方举措和家族企业，而不是自上而下的国家促进。因此，本研究提供了对各种背景下的城市化的进一步理解，尤其是中国的国家主导型城市化。

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